1,720,963 research outputs found
Disaster mitigation and societal impacts
No full textThroughout the world societies are experiencing rapid social change that is making them more vulnerable to the impacts of natural hazards. One of the aspects of social change is human impact upon the environment that has contributed to climate change, which may be contributing to a likely increase in the severity and possible increase in the frequency of tropical cyclones (IPCC, 2007). Alongside increased vulnerability, societies exhibit strengths and resilience that are targeted at enhancing social capacity that in turn will mitigate the impacts of tropical cyclones
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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No full textAppropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Tropical Cyclone Activity in the Northwest Pacific in Relation to the El Niño/Southern Oscillation Phenomenon
Full text linkThe interannual variations in tropical cyclone activity in the northwest Pacific (NWPAC) and their
relationships with the EI Nino/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon were studied using the method of
spectral analyses. Time series of a Southern Oscillation Index (SOl, defined as the sea-level pressure difference
between Easter Island and Darwin) and tropical cyclone activity in the entire (NWPAC) ocean basin as well
as in different regions of the NWPAC were analyzed. Two spectral peaks are apparent in all these time series.
One corresponds to the generally accepted Southern Oscillation with a period of - 3 to 3.5 years and another
at the quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) frequency. Cross-spectral analyses between the SOl and tropical
cyclone activity show significant coherence in these two spectral peaks. The dominant peak is at the Southern
Oscillation frequency with the SOl leading typhoon activity by almost a year. At the QBO frequency, the
two series are almost in phase. Cyclone activity in the eastern part of NWPAC, however, is -180' out of
phase with the SOl series at the Southern Oscillation frequency. It appears that fluctuations of cyclone activity at the dominant Southern Oscillation frequency may be
explained in terms of the change in the horizontal and vertical circulations in the atmosphere during periods
of low SOl. The establishment of an anomalous Walker Circulation shifts areas of enhanced or suppressed
convection, leading to the observed variations in cyclone activity.The author, a National Research Council Research Associate during the period of this study, acknowledges support by the Foundation Research Program at the Naval Postgraduate School
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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