1,720,957 research outputs found
Re-imagining Healthy Ageing Through the Lens of Flagship Campaigns: An Introduction
Full text linkThe Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030 and related campaigns are promising initiatives aimed at supporting older adults and their families. Some crises that are experienced globally (e.g. climate change, natural disaster/earthquake, war/violence, infectious diseases, and extreme industrialisation), however, can offset the desired outcomes of these campaigns and make their action plans unachievable. This edited book offers an interdisciplinary discourse on how healthy ageing can be made more realistic amidst crises. It reframes healthy ageing using action plans of flagship campaigns as a lens and comprises 15 chapters contributed by 43 authors in 13 countries. The multidisciplinary nature of the book’s authorship underscores the applicability of its models and evidence in a wide spectrum of disciplines, including public health, architecture, sociology, engineering, finance, human resources management, geography, and social marketing. The themes covered span action plans of the Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030 related to age-friendly communities, ageism, and research data and evidence for healthy ageing. The book suggests that healthy ageing is analogous to ‘sustainable ageing’ in contexts experiencing crises where individuals ultimately maintain healthy longevity despite health and social threats
Psychology of “Ageing in Place” Amidst Health and Social Threats: Perspectives on the Decade of Healthy Ageing
No full textThe concept of diminishing life space posits that neighbourhoods facing health and social threats (i.e. war or violence, climate change, extreme industrialisation, and outbreaks of infectious diseases) less support “ageing in place.” Older victims of these threats are less capable of utilising neighbourhood resources (e.g. services, parks, and social support) to maintain health. This chapter extends the scope of the concept by putting forward the ideal psychology for “ageing in place” and proffering implications for healthy ageing. Older adults experiencing the threats are likely to lose their affective advantage from which the ultimate psychology for “ageing in place” comes. Affective advantage refers to a strong space attachment resulting from safety, tranquillity, and familiarity with one’s neighbourhood. It is the basis of abridged psychological distance, a mental state characterised by negligible fear and anxiety about the threats. Abridged psychological distance is superior to neighbourhood psychological distance and out-of-neighbourhood psychological distance, which older residents must be supported to avoid. Stakeholders ought to consider these three types of psychological distance and how they are influenced by the threats in implementing the Decade of Healthy Ageing campaign 2021–2030
A Health Promotion Perspective on the “Decade of Healthy Ageing” Initiative
No full textMany ageing initiatives have been developed in the past decades, but the “Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030” is a promising flagship initiative intended to support older adults. This chapter aims to provide a health promotion perspective to this initiative. This chapter suggests that support intended for older adults through the initiative should be delivered over the life course with a health promotion (salutogenic) approach, a pathway that supports all age groups, emphasises disease prevention and operates on a policy-driven health promotion agenda. It supports individuals to perform prophylactic behaviours over the life course, thereby delaying age-related disability and health problems in the population. Support occurs through policy-oriented campaigns to encourage lifelong prophylactic behaviours, an introduction of health promotion curricula at all educational levels, research to test the effectiveness of longitudinal health promotion interventions and the use of the mass media to improve awareness about health risks and healthy behaviours. Our proposed health promotion approach can have a positive influence on healthy behaviours across four societal layers (i.e. national, community, family or groups and individuals) and can be rolled out through the core action plans of the Decade of Healthy Ageing
GIS Objective Measures of Walkability Are Not Always Superior to Psychometric Measures
No full textThe use of the geographical information system (GIS) to measure walkability is now commonplace, but the prioritisation of GIS-based measures over psychometric measures may pose serious consequences for practice. Psychometric measures are Likert-type scales used to assess thoughts and feelings about phenomena. Editorial decisions that are independent of research novelty and other design factors often favour users of GIS-based measures and discriminate against research utilising psychometric measures. Though their data are more accurate, GIS measures are not always better than psychometric tools. In response to the United Nations’ goal of utilising data for healthy ageing through the Decade of Healthy Ageing 2021–2030, this chapter highlights the subtle strengths of psychometric measures and reveals instances when GIS objective measures may produce less useful findings for policy and practice. A theoretical foundation of the unique role of subjective measures of walkability in active transportation research in the context of healthy ageing is formulated. Guidelines for students, researchers, editors, and peer-reviewers are presented to illustrate the unique significance of the two measures and, thus, enable the preservation of the worth of both tools
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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