1,720,976 research outputs found
2d Human Motion Estimation Modeling For Classification
Get PDFPenganggaran pergerakan manusia ialah pendekatan untuk menganggarkan
aktiviti pergerakan daripada postur badan statik; diterokai secara meluas melalui
pergerakan gaya berjalan, analisis berasaskan bayang, berasaskan biomekanik atau
berasaskan imej untuk tujuan rakaman pergerakan, pengecaman, dan pengawasan
melalui pemerhatian. Pergerakan manusia selalunya dirakamkan melalui sistem
Berasaskan-Penanda (BP) dan Tanpa-Penanda (TP) dengan sebuah atau beberapa
buah kamera. Pergerakan-pergerakan ini biasanya dianalisis dalam posisi 3-Dimensi
(3D) atau 2-Dimensi (2D) dengan melibatkan lokasi dan orientasi sendi-sendi tubuh.
Walau bagaimanapun, disebabkan kerumitan data pergerakan berdimensi tinggi,
kajian ini memfokuskan pergerakan 2D manusia. Model kayu 2D yang telah
dibangunkan kurang berkeupayaan untuk mengenal pasti lokasi sendi tubuh. Selain
itu, tiada penyelidik yang pernah mempertimbangkan pelarasan toleransi dalam
penganggaran pergerakan manusia. Oleh itu, tujuan utama kajian ini ialah
membangunkan sebuah model penganggaran kayu 2D dengan toleransi ralat untuk
mewakili pergerakan manusia untuk analisis pengelasan. Model penganggaran kayu
2D dibangunkan daripada tiga segmen asas tubuh: Tulang Belakang (TB), Atas
Tubuh (AT) dan Bawah Tubuh (BT). Dengan pertimbangan keupayaan regangan
segmen-segmen tubuh ketika melakukan aktiviti yang berbeza, model toleransi
dihasilkan daripada purata bezaan pekali penyesuaian polinomial yang dihitung pada
jujukan langkah masa. Mengintegrasikan koordinat langkah masa yang sedia ada
dengan model toleransi ini secara berulang-ulang menghasilkan anggaran koordinat
sendi tubuh pada jujukan langkah masa yang seterusnya. Model yang dibangunkan
ini diuji pada (i) pergerakan asas BP: berjalan, berlari, melompat; dan pergerakan
sukan BP: menumbuk, bermain pedang dan taichi daripada pangkalan data CMU;
dan (ii) pergerakan asas TP: berjalan, berlari, melompat daripada YouTube; dan
pergerakan sukan TP: pergerakan Yoga kanak-kanak, kunci kaki dan gaya unta
secara rakaman eksperimen. Transformasi data dimulakan dengan pengambilan
gambar data video kepada imej pegun diikuti oleh transformasi imej kepada data
koordinat. Penghapusan data bersama imputasi regresi dijalankan untuk membaik
pulih data yang hilang akibat oklusi dan segmen tubuh yang tersembunyi. Model
penganggaran pergerakan untuk pertimbangan toleransi ini dilaksanakan dengan tiga
kaedah penganggaran pergerakan 2D: IVE-SAT, AVE-SAT dan AVE-TAT. Model
penganggaran kayu 2D ini dinilai atas analisis padanan dan ketepatan pengelasan
dengan menggunakan pengelas Lazy. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa model
penganggaran kayu 2D dengan AVE-TAT ini menghasilkan ketepatan padanan
sehingga 66.67% dan ketepatan pengelasan melebihi 90% bagi semua kategori
pergerakan. Model yang dibangunkan ini mempunyai kelebihan atas keupayaannya
untuk menganggarkan pergerakan manusia secara spesifik dengan pelarasan toleransi
ralat yang menyerupai regangan segmen tubuh sepanjang keseluruhan aktiviti. Hasil
kajian ini berjaya membuktikan bahawa model penganggaran kayu 2D dengan AVETAT
yang dicadangkan ini ialah pendekatan yang boleh dilaksanakan untuk
membezakan ciri-ciri pelbagai pergerakan manusia untuk pengelasan.
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Human motion estimation is an approach to predict motion activities from
static body postures; widely explored from gait motion, silhouette-based,
biomechanical-based or image-based analyses for motion capture, recognition and
vision surveillance purposes. Human motion is often captured via Marker-Based
(MB) and Marker-Less (ML) system by using single or multiple cameras. These
motions are commonly analyzed in 3-Dimensional (3D) or 2-Dimensional (2D)
positioning involving location and orientations of body joints. Nevertheless, owing to
the complexity of high dimensionality motion data, this study has focused on the 2D
human motion. Existing developed 2D stick figures could hardly point the exact
body joint location. Besides, no researchers have considered the tolerance adjustment
for human motion estimation. Therefore, the main goal of this study is to develop a
2D stick estimation model with error tolerance to represent human motions for
classification analysis. The 2D stick estimation model is developed from three
fundamental body segments: Backbone (BB), Upper Body (UB) and Lower Body
(LB). Considering the capability of body segments’ stretches while performing
different activities, tolerance model is derived from the average deviations of
polynomial fitting coefficients evaluated at sequential time steps. Integrating the
precedent time-step coordinates with the tolerance model iteratively yield the
estimated body joint coordinates at subsequent time step. The developed model is
tested on (i) MB basic motions: walking, running, jumping and MB sports motions:
punching, sword playing and taichi from CMU database and (ii) ML basic motions:
walking, running, jumping from YouTube and ML sports motions: Yoga motion of
child’s, leg lock and camel pose from experimental captures. Data transformation is
initiated to snapshot the video data into still images followed by image
transformations into coordinate data. Data elimination cum regression imputation is
carried out to treat missing data found from occlusion and hidden body segments.
The motion estimation model for tolerance consideration is performed on three 2D
motion estimation techniques: IVE-SAT, AVE-SAT and AVE-TAT. The 2D stick
estimation model is judged on matching analysis and classification accuracies using
Lazy classifiers. Findings show that the developed 2D stick estimation model by
AVE-TAT resulted in best matching accuracy up to 66.67% and classification
accuracies above 90% for all motion categories. The developed model has the
advantage over its ability to estimate human motions specifically with error tolerance
adjustment resembling the body segment stretches throughout the entire activity. The
study outcomes successfully imply that the proposed 2D stick estimation model with
AVE-TAT is a feasible approach in distinguishing characteristics of different human
motions for classifications
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
CFD-DEM simulation of raceway size and mechanical characteristics of industrial scale blast furnace
No full textThe raceway plays a crucial role in ensuring the stable functioning of the ironmaking blast furnace. It is the key site where the chemical reaction of coke combustion takes place, providing the necessary heat and reducing gas for the upper iron ore reduction process. Consequently, the size of the raceway serves as an essential indicator of the blast furnace’s operational condition. In this study, a mathematical model for the raceway of an industrial-scale blast furnace was established. Extensive innovation investigations were conducted to explore the characteristics pertaining to the raceway’s size. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that both the particle size and the inlet velocity exert significant influences on the raceway dimensions. Specifically, the height of the raceway is predominantly affected by the particle size, whereas the inlet velocity predominantly influences the depth of the raceway
Numerical simulation of dense-phase pneumatic conveying in vertical pipe for gasifier
No full textThe stable transportation of pulverized coal in the vertical pipe is significant for the operation of the gasifier. There are few studies on the flow characteristics and flow pattern transition of particles in vertical pipes with small diameters. This paper has modeled and analyzed the flow characteristic of powder in dense-phase pneumatic conveying through 25 mm vertical pipe using CFD. Firstly, the grid independence is verified to determine the optimal mesh size. Then, the influences of different solid loading ratios (SLRs) and conveying velocities on particle flow characteristics, flow stability, and flow pattern transition are investigated. The results show that the flow pattern in the vertical pipe changes from annular flow to uniform flow at high SLR and low conveying velocity. Moreover, the evolution regulation of resistance characteristics under different conveying velocities is further revealed. Considering the conveying stability and economic benefit, the most suitable conveying velocity is 6 m/
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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