1,720,972 research outputs found
The Relationship between Reticence and Personality Types in Iranian University EFL Classrooms
Get PDFReticence is regarded as a problematic phenomenon among students in EFL classrooms. The present study was an attempt to explore the issue of reticence in Iranian foreign language classrooms. The study examined the relationship between students’ reticence and their personality types among university EFL learners. For this purpose, the Reticence Scale-12 (RS-12) questionnaire and the 60-item NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI) questionnaire were used. Moreover, interviews with the participants about reticence were employed to find the students’ ideas about reticence in the classroom. The results revealed that the five personality types affected Iranian EFL students’ reticence. In addition, educational, situational, and emotional factors contributed to the students’ reticence in EFL classrooms. It can be concluded that teachers’ awareness of learners’ reticence can help them match their teaching styles with their students’ personality types, and choose more appropriate activities that can enhance EFL learners’ participation. The study can have implications and applications for both teachers and students
Analysis of Turn-Taking and Gender Differences in Online EFL Classrooms
No full textThe Covid-19 Pandemic has influenced EFL learners' turn-taking system due to the sudden shift from traditional face-to-face classes to virtual learning. This study aimed at investigating the role of gender in turn-taking patterns in online Iranian EFL classrooms. To this end, the discourse exchanges of 55 Iranian upper-intermediate online English learners were collected and analyzed. The approximate equality of male and female students paved the way to scrutinize the role of gender. The data were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through the lens of the turn-taking system. Descriptive statistics followed by the Chi-square tests and paired comparison tests revealed that teacher selection occurred more frequently than self-selection, and using vocatives was the most preferred strategy applied by the teachers. Moreover, males took more turns compared to the female students. Therefore, gender was a determinative factor in the dominant patterns of turn-taking in online classrooms. The results could provide insightful information for teachers on creating a dialogic atmosphere in virtual classes in which all students can engage in a cooperative discussion
The Effect of Employing Electronic Portfolio on Iranian EFL Learners’ Writing Skill
Get PDFA superior method of language teaching is what all researchers and language teachers look for. In order to facilitate the process of language learning, technological tools can be helpful. The present study aimed to investigate the effect to employing electronic portfolio on Iranian EFL learners’ writing skill in a language institute in Isfahan, Iran in summer 2014. To find the homogeneity of subjects, the Oxford Quick Placement Test was administered and the subjects were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the treatment which was employing the electronic portfolio, while the control group had the conventional context of language classes. At the end of the study, the obtained scores on the pretests and post-tests were analyzed. Independent t-tests were run to compare the collected scores in the two groups. The results of the study showed significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. The findings of the study can bear implications for EFL student, teachers, policy makers, university and institute organizations, and syllabus designers
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
INTERACTION ANALYSIS IN AN INTERNATIONAL ASYNCHRONOUS LEARNING ENVIRONMENT
No full textInteraction Analysis has been explored for the initiating topics, turn taking, and asking and answering questions in face-to-face learning environments during the last decades. This study investigated the form and sequence of the questions and answers in an asynchronous environment from a non-interventionist point of view. To conduct the research, 16 questions and answers from the discussion boards of an eight-week international online research course from 30 participants were copied, classified, and analyzed according to the Hmelo-Silver and Barrows’ (2008) grid. All the questions were classified as long-answer, short-answer, and task-oriented questions and their frequencies were calculated. Also, the presence of the Initiation, Response, and Feedback/Inquiry (IRFI) pattern was examined The results indicated that the largest number of questions fell under long-answer types and the participants were more motivated in responding the long-answer queries relating directly to the immediate studied materials or asking about definitions and personal ideas. The findings supported the idea that IRFI pattern might not be applicable in asynchronous environments. Therefore, the instructional patterns need to be designed carefully according to the needs of the new contexts. This study could enhance meaningful interactions in online educational settings such as language learning, teacher training, and professional development
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Comparative Analysis of Architecture Research Article Abstracts Written by Native and Non-native Authors: A Cross-linguistic, Cross-cultural Study
Get PDFIt is increasingly becoming important to focus on the rhetorical aspects of texts used for creating different discourse types. In point of fact, the abstract section of scientific articles possesses a rhetorically defined structural framework which is very often culture specific. As such, the present study aimed to investigate the abstract section of the articles written by English and Persian authors, in order to explore whether they followed a similar structural pattern. To this end, a corpus of 60 English and Persian abstracts, thirty each, was randomly selected from English ISI journals and Iranian scientific journals and analyzed based on the IMRD framework introduced by Swales (1990). Findings of this study revealed that most English and Persian authors used the IMRD model in the structure of their abstracts; although, the frequency of occurrence of each move was different. In terms of moves’ sequence, all the used patterns were analyzed and I-M-R-D and I-M-R were identified as the most frequent patterns used in both groups. Findings of this study may have implications for Iranian authors who seek to publish their studies in reputable international journals
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
