8 research outputs found
An exploration of the psychosocial factors affecting the development and delivery of school-based sex and relationships education in Tanzania
No full textEmploying a mixed methods research design, in which both quantitative and qualitative research approaches were used, the research in this thesis has explored the feasibility for the development and implementation of school-based sex and
relationships education (SRE) in Tanzania by (a) assessing the attitudes of parents, teachers and students towards the provision of SRE in schools and (b) analysing national school policy and curriculum frameworks with a view to identifying the
status and place of SRE in the national school curriculum.The results show that a majority of parents (more than 70%), teachers (more than 90%) and students (more than 80%) supported the provision of SRE in schools and, despite resistance to a few controversial topics, the inclusion of a wide range of SRE topics in a school-based SRE curriculum. These results suggest that, contrary to popular belief that, particularly among policy makers, parents and other stakeholders are opposed to the provision of SRE in schools, it is not the opposition itself, but the unfounded fear of opposition that has thwarted the provision of school-based SRE in Tanzania.The results of the content analysis of the national school curriculum revealed a limited and somewhat disorganised representation of SRE, with more focus on the biological
facts and information about HIV transmission and prevention than other aspects of sexual health, such as attitudes, skills and relationships. It has been argued, however, that putting HIV/AIDS in the national school curriculum provides the possibility of
opening the way for a wider provision of SRE in schools in future (Harrison, 2000). In light of the results of this research, the author has recommended several steps to be considered in introducing SRE in schools, as well as future research directions in the field of sexual health, and SRE in particular, in Tanzania
Influence of Farmyard Manure and NPS Fertilizer on Hot Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) Growth and Yield Variables at Western Ethiopia
No full textHot peppers are important vegetable crops widely grown in Ethiopia. Investigation into the economic, nutritive and therapeutic purposes of the pepper plant is extremely limited. Thus, a field trial was piloted to assess the influence of NPS (compound fertilizer containing three important plant nutrients of nitrogen, phosphate, and sulphur with the ratio of 19% N, 38% P2O5, and 7% S) and farmyard manure (FYM) fertilizer on hot pepper at the Dambi Dollo University research field for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) under rain fed. The finding was systematized in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three repetitions and variety of Marako Fana hot pepper was assessed. NPS fertilizer at four level (0, 100, 200, 300 kg N ha-1) and four FYM levels (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 t ha-1) were owed to the study area and a total of 20 treatments. The research results revealed that FYM and NPS mineral fertilizer interacts to affect positively (P<0.05) maximum parameters without unmarketable harvest, which was influenced through the single effect of NPS and FYM. The highest marketable pod yield (2.28 t ha-1) and total pod harvest (2.72 t ha-1) was recorded through NPS rates of 100 kg ha-1 applied with 5 t ha-1 of farmyard manure. Consequently, it is likely to determine that hot pepper farmers can use NPS mineral fertilizer rate of 100 kg ha-1 with 5 t ha-1 of FYM that would expand yield of the hot peppers in the study area with similar agro-ecological conditions
Quantifying carbon stock potential of woody plant species in Seyo watershed, South-West Ethiopia
No full textThe carbon stock pool is a reservoir, which has the capacity to accumulate carbon through carbon stock pools. Carbon stock pools of the woody plant species encompass maily above ground and below ground biomass. Woody plant species play a crucial role for climate change mitigation by capturing atmospheric carbon through photosynthesis. The goal this study was to quantify carbon stock and climate change potential of woody plant species in Seyo watershed, south-west Ethiopia. The data was collected through systematic random sampling techniques from 20 m × 20 m area of sample plots. The carbon stocks of above ground and below ground carbon pools were quantified using different allometric models and analyzed by SPSS software. A total of 40 woody plant species were identified in the study area. The result showed that, the mean carbon stock of aboveground carbon and belowground carbon accounted about 245.07 and 49.01 t/ha respectively, which gives a total carbon stock of 294.04 t/ha. The carbon stock of woody plant species showed that, Acacia abyssinica and Maytenus arbutifolia had the largest and the least carbon reserves, which accounted 31.2 and 0.13 t/ha respectively. The study area was mitigated about 1079.13 ton/ha CO2 equivalent. The ultimate result showed that, Seyo watershed is a reservoir of high carbon stock. To sustain and enhance the carbon stock potential of this watershed, the government should be integrated the watershed clean development mechanism of carbon trading system of the Kyoto protocol
Determination of Economically Optimum Nitrogen Fertilizer for Bread Wheat in Shashemene District, West Arsi Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia
No full textThe objective of this study was to determine the bread wheat’s ideal level for nitrogen fertilizer applications on Eutric andosol. The treatments included phosphorus (0, 10, 20, 30, 40kg/ha) and nitrogen (0, 46, 69, & 92kg/ha) at four levels each in a factorial combined effect of complete block design with three replications. a 3m x 3m plot with a 150kg/ha seed rate was used. Wheat variety called “Ogolcho” was applied to evaluate the treatments. The results from the analysis of variance demonstrated that there were significant differences (p 0.05) between all of the applied treatments. The application of 46kg/ha N and 92kg/ha P2O5 together resulted in the highest grain yield (5358kg/ha), while the lowest grain yield was obtained. at the control treatment.. However, there are no significant differences (p<0.05) between the combined effects of Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilizers levels above 46kg/ha on grain yield response. This implies that the application of N and P2O5 greater than 46kg/ha may not be economically important. Therefore, 69 N kg ha-1 N fertilizers was determined as economically feasible optimum N rates at 2655%, MRR on Eutric andosol in Shashemene district for Bread wheat
Determination of the Application Rate of Conventional Compost Integrated with Chemical Fertilizer on Maize (Zia Maize) Yield in Dugda District of East Shoa Zone, Oromia
No full textIntegrated soil fertility management is the application of inorganic in combination with organic fertilizer to maintain soil fertility and improve crop yield. A study was conducted in East Shoa Zone, Dugda District on farmers' fields to determine the combined effects of conventional compost as organic fertilizer and NPS as inorganic fertilizer on soil chemical properties and maize production. There were five treatments: Recommended rate of inorganic fertilizer, 100, 75, 50 and 25% equivalent level of compost for nitrogen fertilizer. Recommended level of 69 P2O5/ha were equally applied at all treatments. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed no significant differences (P > 0.05) in maize grain yield response. However, the highest maize grain yield (8728.20 kg ha-1) was obtained from treatment two that received 100% equivalent compost for nitrogen fertilizer and the lowest (8325 kg ha-1) was obtained from treatment one where recommended chemical fertilizer alone was applied. Composite Soil samples were also collected before compost application and after harvesting to evaluate the residual effect of compost on soil physiochemical properties. Accordingly, laboratory analysis showed no significance differences (P > 0.05) in total N, available P, soil organic carbon and CEC. However, analysis of variance of post-harvest composite soil samples indicated significant differences on soil available P, OC, TN and CEC as compared to initial soil sample. On the other hand, partial budget analysis was done to determine economically optimum rate of compost integrated with chemical fertilizer. Accordingly, the highest net benefit (126527 Eth. Birr ha-1) was recorded for treatment two where 100% compost (4.6t/ha) plus 150kg/ha NPS fertilizers were applied. The highest marginal rate of return (146) was also obtained from the same treatment. Therefore, the present study showed that combined application of organic and NPS fertilizer enhanced maize productivity and soil fertility status in the study area. Hence combined fertilizer application of 4.6 t ha1 conventional compost integrated with 150 kg ha-1 NPS improved maize productivity and soil chemical properties, and recommended for the study area and similar agro-ecology
Verification of Determined Soil Test Based Phosphorous Critical and Requirement Factor for Bread Wheat in Shashemene District
No full textVerification of P-critical value, P-requirement factor and optimum level of nitrogen fertilizer for bread wheat were conducted in Shashemene district during 2021 growing season. The verification activity was under taken at 10 farmer’s fields. It had three treatments that include calibrated phosphorus (critical concentration) with recommended optimum N fertilizer for the area, existing NP fertilizer recommendation (blanket recommendation) and one control plot without NP application. The treatments were applied 10m by 10m plot area that was replicated over the farmers. The yield was harvested and means comparison of grain yield was computed at (? < 0.05). The grain yield response were highly significantly different (P<0.05). Plots treated with soil test based fertilizer recommendation gave the highest grain yield (4312kg/ha) followed by the blanket recommendation that gave 3175kg/ha. The minimum grain yield was obtained from the negative control (1600kg/ha). In addition, maximum total biomass (10500kg/ha) and harvest index (41%) were also obtained from the plots treated with soil test based fertilizer recommendations. The partial budget analysis also indicated that the maximum net benefit of (103370.00ETB) and highest MRR (143%) were obtained from application of soil test based recommendation. Therefore, soil test based fertilizer application was recommended and selected for further pre scaling up of demonstration activities
Dubrovčanin Đuro (Armeno) Baglivi i umjetni pneumotoraks
No full textSome outstanding authors such as Piery-Rosheirn. Mistal, Lawrason, Brown etc. tried to assert that Baglivi had already known some effects of the curative pneumothorax and that he had been in Favour of such treatment. So, he would have been the forerunner of Carlo Forlanini. The author refutes this opinion on the base of Baglivi's original text as in Baglivi's works no support to such assertion is given.Otkako je kolapsna terapija postala »najsigurnijim, najpristupačnijim i najdjelotvornijim novim kirurškim liječenjem tuberkuloze« (L. Bernard), množe se sa sviju strana nastojanja (Jedlička, Pićry - Rosheimm, Schmidt W., Bochalli, Mistal Lawrason Brown, etc. ,etc.), da se osvijetle prvi počeci takovog liječenja i da se prikaže evolucija te metode, kako se je ona postupno razvila od prvih nesigurnih i nejasnih pogleda na problem liječenja ušice, te »kraljice bolesti« starih Inda, koja se je još u našem, novom vijeku kitila moćnim imenima »morbus Herculeus« (Morton) i »rnal du roi«, te »King's evil«, a takova bi imena mogla još i danas s pravom nositi
Growth, yield, and yield variables of onion (Allium Cepa L.) varieties as influenced by plantspacing at DambiDollo, Western Ethiopia
No full textAbstract Onion (Allium cepa L.) is an important bulb plant grown worldwide. Proper use of the agronomic practice has undoubtedly contributed to growing crop yields. The right level of any farming practice, like the distance between plants, plant density, date of planting, and time of harvest, can produce the wanted outcomes. Therefore, this research was piloted to evaluate the influence of plant spacing on the development of bulb harvest-related traits of onion varieties in Dambi Dollo University, Western Ethiopia, in 2021. Three onion varieties (Adama red, Monarch, Nafis) and four intra-row spaces (6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm, and 12 cm) in factorial combinations were settled by a complete randomized block design which was simulated three times. The findings of the study indicate that all the factors related to crop growth and bulb yield of onion varieties were mainly influenced by different kinds and plant spacing. Conversely, the collaboration of these two factors did not affect all other factors, but the interaction of the two factors had a great effect on the days to maturity measured in this study. The highest plant height was registered on the onion planted at a distance of 10 cm (59.83 cm) and 12 cm (59.08 cm) distance between plants. The high commercial yields (34.44 t ha−1) and entire bulb yield (35.40 t ha−1) were found in the Nafis variety. The highest marketable yields (31.12 ha−1) and entire marketable yield (31.78 ha−1) were recorded on an onion plant planted 10 cm between plants. Therefore, in the research area, farmers can use a variety of Nafis and a 10 cm distance between plants to increase their onion production
