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Vertical Export Flux of Particulate Organic Carbon from the Water Column off Southwestern Taiwan
No full text本研究利用海研一號3個航次在台灣西南海域兩測站採集樣水，進行溶解相和顆粒相釷-234分析。經由不同採樣梯次，本研究亦量測了顆粒有機碳濃度、營養鹽以及其他水文化學參數的垂直剖面。經由量測水體中不足釷-234顯示本研究海域受到快速的清除以及顆粒移除作用影響。
由釷-234/鈾-238不平衡計算結果顯示台灣西南海域各航次釷-234垂直輸出通量由近表水的100 dpm/m2/d隨深度遞增；在1999年的B2及HT站釷-234垂直輸出通量分別可達5800和8200 dpm/m2/d，2003及2004年的HT站釷-234輸出通量明顯比1999年要來的低，這兩次的通量分別為5400和2800 dpm/m2/d；而在1999年這個航次明顯受到陸源輸入的影響，HT站釷-234垂直輸出通量隨深度的增加率比B2站高出許多。
利用釷-234/鈾-238不平衡和顆粒有機碳及釷-234比值的關係，本研究估算出台灣西南海域顆粒有機碳輸出通量（POC Flux）。在光透層底部（50m左右），HT-1和HT-2兩站分別出現輸出通量的極大值（20 mmole C/L/d，98 mmole C/L/d），值得注意的是顆粒有機碳輸出通量的極大值通常會伴隨著亞硝酸鹽極大值的出現；另外，B2站以及2003年HT測站在250m處也有著極大值的出現（28 mmole C/L/d，109 mmole C/L/d），吾人研判有可能是側向傳輸所造成。台灣西南海域顆粒有機碳垂直輸出通量在HT測站可達約200 mmole C/m2/d，明顯比B2測站的75 mmole C/m2/d來的大，吾人研判可能為B2測站離岸較遠，受到陸源輸入的影響較少所導致。此外，若將同一測站不同採樣時間的HT-1及HT-2做比較，可以發現在下午2點採樣的HT-2站顆粒有機碳輸出通量有較高的極大值和遞減率，此現象可能是因為上層水體中顆粒有機碳產量和呼吸率的日變化所造成的結果。目 錄
頁數
摘要…………………………………………………………………………………….Ⅰ
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………....Ⅱ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………………………III
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………...........1
1.1 研究目的與動機……………………………………………………………......1
1.2 前人研究之回顧……………………………………………………………......3
1.3 顆粒態有機碳垂直輸出通量（POC Flux）的重要性………….…………….7
1.4 釷-234/鈾-238不平衡與POC Flux……………………………….……….....10
1.5 研究區域簡介…………………………………………………………………12
第二章 研究方法…………………………………………………………………….14
2.1 顆粒有機碳（POC）之採樣與前處理……………………….……………...14
2.2 顆粒有機碳之分析方法………………………………………………………14
2.3 釷-234二相之分析方法與活度計算………………………………………...15
2.3.1 溶解相釷-234活度分析方法…………………………………............16
2.3.2 顆粒相釷-234活度分析方法…………………………………………17
第三章 結果與討論………………………………………………………………….18
3.1 研究區域之水文特性…………………………………………………………18
3.2 水體中釷-234活度之垂直變化………………………...…………………….22
3.3 水體中顆粒態有機碳之垂直變化…………………………………………….27
3.4 台灣西南海域釷-234對顆粒之親和力……………………………………….31
3.4.1 總懸浮顆粒物質濃度【TSM】…………………………………………31
3.4.2 釷-234的分佈係數【Kd】………………………………………..........35
3.5 台灣西南海域釷-234之清除現象……………………………........................39
3.5.1 一維不可逆清除模式................................................................................39
3.5.2 水體中釷-234清除速率（J）與移除速率（P）之探討………………41
3.5.2.1 釷-234的清除速率與通量……………………………………..41
3.5.2.2 釷-234的移除速率與通量……………………………………..43
3.5.3 水體中釷-234的滯留時間……………………………………………...47
3.6 台灣西南海域顆粒有機碳垂直輸出通量（POC Flux）…………………....49
3.6.1 如何計算出POC Flux？…………………………………………….….49
3.6.2 ratio對模式的影響………………………………………………50
3.6.3 西南海域POC Flux……………………………………………………..54
第四章 結論……………………..…………………………………………………...58
4.1 結論………………………………………………………………………..58
4.2 未來研究方向……………………………………………………………..59
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………………...60
附錄Ⅰ、各航次水體垂直剖面之分析數據…………………………...…….…..….69
附錄Ⅱ、本研究各航次釷-234滯留時間…………………………………...………7
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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