1,720,956 research outputs found
Études palynologique et paléoenvironnementale de sondages holocènes dans les Gunung Sewu (Java, Indonésie) (reconstitution de l'environnement, impacts climatiques et anthropiques. Mise en évidence de la néolithisation)
No full textCette étude permet de mieux connaître la néolithisation de la région de Punung (Java) et d'évaluer les actions anthropiques sur l'environnement, les plantes exploitées et les modes de culture. Elle apporte grâce à l'analyse pollinique des informations sur la composition de la végétation et sur l'évolution du climat. Elle a été complétée par l'analyse phytolithique donnant des informations sur l'écologie des graminées et sur les plantes cultivées, et par l'analyse des microcharbons de bois montrant des phases d'incendies. On note ainsi pour l'activité de l'homme une culture de riz assez ancienne, l'action de préserver et d'aider les plantes utiles, et plus récemment la mise en culture d'une graminée après brûlis (maïs?). La complémentarité des analyses utilisées menées dans des marais non loin de sites archéologiques livrent des résultats importants sur l'environnement et le climat contemporains d'une activité humaine émergeante et surtout sur les pratiques agricoles néolithiquesThe aim of this study is to better understand the neolithisation of Punung area (Java), to apprehend the anthropic actions on the environment, to know the exploitation of plants and the modes of culture. This study shows with pollen analysis some information in the landscape composition and in the climatic parameters. This analysis is completed by charcoal analysis, which highlights fire stage, and phytolith analysis, which specifies Poaceae ecology, and the presence of plants that are economically important. At the anthropic level, we note an old rice culture, the conservation, selection and the development aid of useful plants and more recently the bringing under graminaceous cultivation (maize?) after clearing with fire. The complementarity of the analyses carried out in swamp sediments, not far from archaeological sites, deliver important results on knowledge of the environment and the contemporary climate of an emerging anthropic activity and on Neolithic agricultural practicesPARIS-Museum Hist.Naturelle (751052304) / SudocSudocFranceF
Le maïs aurait-il voyagé hors du continent américain avant 1493 ? Mise en évidence à Java central (Indonésie) grâce à l’étude pollinique de sédiments de l’Holocène supérieur
No full textLors de l’étude palynologique de trois sondages proches de sites archéologiques dans les Gunung Sewu (Java, Indonésie) nous avons pu mettre en évidence l’apparition d’une céréale et sa mise en culture après brûlis. L’étude morphométrique et surtout de l’exine au MEB permettent de rapprocher le pollen de cette graminée fossile de celui du maïs. Notons de plus que ces gros grains de pollen de maïs se rencontrent sans discontinuité du moment de leur apparition jusqu’au sommet des sondages et qu’actuellement, dans cette région, la principale graminée cultivée est le maïs. Dans notre hypothèse, les datations obtenues pour la base de cette culture laissent supposer que celui-ci serait présent à Java avant la date admise pour son importation sur l’île par les Portugais.Chacornac-Rault Magali, Sémah Anne-Marie. Le maïs aurait-il voyagé hors du continent américain avant 1493 ? Mise en évidence à Java central (Indonésie) grâce à l’étude pollinique de sédiments de l’Holocène supérieur. In: Plantes et animaux voyageurs. Actes du 130e Congrès national des sociétés historiques et scientifiques, « Voyages et voyageurs », La Rochelle, 2005. Paris : Editions du CTHS, 2010. pp. 80-94. (Actes des congrès nationaux des sociétés historiques et scientifiques, 130-11
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Late Holocene paleoenvironment in northern New Caledonia, southwestern Pacific, from a multiproxy analysis of lake sediments
No full textLithostratigraphic and palynological analysis of two cores recovered from the 'Grand Lac' (New Caledonia), combined with 35 C-14 AMS dates, yields a paleoenvironmental record spanning the last 2000 yr. The lithology is represented mainly by clayey or laminated layers. A catastrophic event, which is marked by very coarse deposits, occurred probably between ea 1070-960 cal yr B.P. and possibly is associated with an unusually severe La Nina event. Before and after this event, a similar combination of the two main sediment types is recorded. The repeated alternation of laminated and clayey layers is interpreted as the response to local hydrologic forcing, which may reflect a shift from relatively wet to relatively drier conditions, respectively. Variable amount of micro-charcoal is detected all along the profile. Without additional evidence, notwithstanding the initial local human settlement documented since ca 2900 C-14 yr B.P., micro-charcoal occurrence and variability cannot be linked directly to an anthropogenic origin. No distinct palynological zonations in relation to the lithology are observed, and the vegetation changes may only represent minor transitions across environmental limits. (c) 2006 University of Washington. All rights reserved
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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