47,530 research outputs found
Cha-Cha-Cha: Variable Adhesive Activity of the <italic>Haemophilus</Italic> Cryptic Genospecies Trimeric Autotransporter Cha
No full textDisease caused by the Gram-negative Haemophilus cryptic genospecies begins with colonization of the maternal genital or neonatal respiratory tract. The primary goal of this work was to identify and characterize the molecular determinant(s) of Haemophilus cryptic genospecies adherence as a means to better understand the specific adaptation of this species to the urogenital tract and neonatal respiratory tract. Using transposon mutagenesis of prototype strain 1595, we identified a locus that is essential for Haemophilus cryptic genospecies adherence to a variety of epithelial cell lines of both genital and respiratory origin. This locus encodes a protein called Cha that shares homology with trimeric autotransporters. Trimeric autotransporters are composed of an N-terminal signal peptide, an internal passenger domain that harbors adhesive activity, and a short C-terminal membrane anchor domain and are classically characterized by head-stalk-anchor domain architecture. By generating chimeric proteins, we demonstrated that the C-terminus of Cha trimerizes in the bacterial outer membrane and is capable presenting a heterologous passenger domain (Hia) in a functional form, thus confirming that Cha is a trimeric autotransporter. Southern analysis revealed that cha is unique to the Haemophilus cryptic genospecies and is ubiquitous among these strains. Similar to a number of trimeric autotransporters, the passenger domain of Cha contains scattered clusters of YadA-like head domains associated with head-to-stalk neck adaptor motifs, predicted coiled-coil stalks and a series of identical tandem coding repeats which are not required for adherence. By evaluating the adherence capacity of H. influenzae expressing Cha deletion derivatives, we established that the N-terminal 473 residues of Cha harbor the binding domains responsible for Cha-mediated adherence to epithelial cells. In additional studies, we demonstrated that this same N-terminal region mediates bacterial aggregation through inter-bacterial Cha-Cha binding. Further analysis revealed that variable Cha-mediated adherence is linked to spontaneous changes in the number of identical tandem repeats predicted to comprise a coiled-coil stalk domain. Variation in repeat copy number has a direct effect on Cha adhesive and aggregative activity, independent of an impact on transcription of the cha locus or surface localization of Cha protein. Moreover, length of Cha surface fibers correlates with repeat copy number expansion. We propose two hypotheses to explain how repeat expansion inhibits bacterial aggregation and host cell binding: 1) Variation in the number of 28-amino acid repeats may influence the conformation of Cha, thus changing the surface accessibility of the Cha binding pocket. 2) Repeat expansion results in the formation of long, flexible Cha fibers on the bacterial cell surface that may have a greater propensity to interact with neighboring Cha trimers at the N-terminus, thereby precluding adherence to other bacteria or host epithelial cells. In additional studies screening adherent cryptic genospecies isolates for expression of Cha protein, we identified an additional, antigenically-divergent Cha variant that we refer to as Cha2. Amino acid sequence and domain comparison of Cha2 with Cha (now Cha1) revealed that the structurally undefined N-terminal sequences (encompassing the Cha1 adhesive and aggregative domain) are strikingly divergent. Inspite of this, Cha2 mediates efficient adherence to human epithelial cells, similar to Cha1.Identification of Cha offers insight into the apparent tissue tropism associated with the Haemophilus cryptic genospecies. We speculate that the unique regulation of Cha adhesive activity enhances the adaptive capability of this pathogenic organism in the human host.</p
O pułapce „skojarzeniowej” w humanistyce. (Na marginesie uroszczenia S. Gałkowskiego w jego próbie „logicznej” wykładni Znanieckiego)
No full textAutor polemiki we wstępie wskazuje na zjawisko "reductio ad absurdum" koncepcji Znanieckiego w wykładni adresata jego krytyki. Dalej jest zarysowana ogólna perspektywa sprzeciwu wobec podejścia Stanisława Gałkowskiego. Przedstawiono także krytycyzm i pochwały wobec Znanieckiego ze strony autora polemiki. W tekście wskazuje się na pułapkę czytania epistemicznego jako etyczne nadużycie logiki. Wreszcie, zamiast zakończenia, mówi się o traktowaniu tradycji myśli humanistycznej i uczula na błędy interpretacyjne popełnione przez krytykowanego autora. Główny błąd polega na skojarzeniach czytelnika blokujących mu głębszy dostęp do znaczenia czytanej koncepcji.In his introduction the author of this polemic indicates the phenomenon of "reductio ad absurdum" of Znaniecki's conception in the exegesis of the addressee of this criticism. Next there is an outline sketched concerning the general perspective of disagreement against the approach by S. Gałkowski. There is also outlined criticism and appraisal towards Znaniecki by the author of this polemics. The text illustrates the trap of an epistemic reading as an ethical abuse of logics. Finally instead of a conclusion one is discussing the ways of treatement of the tradition of humanistic reflection and it warns against interpretative errors committed by the criticised author. The basic error is perceived as the result of domination of application of harmful associations of the leader blocking the way to deeper sense of the conception
Colloidal graphite-assisted laser desorption/ionization MS and MSn of small molecules. 2. Direct profiling and MS imaging of small metabolites from fruits
No full textGraphene‐based Oxygen Reduction Electrodes for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
No full textIn this report, we present a study of using nitrogen-doped graphene as the air electrode of low temperature solid oxide fuel cells (LT-SOFCs) operating at 350 degrees C or lower. Three graphene derivatives were prepared through hydrothermal reactions and their electrochemical performance and material properties were characterized in the temperature range of 225-350 degrees C in atmospheric air. Nitrogen-doped graphene was found to exhibit a decent air electrode performance comparable to a porous Pt electrode aged for 8 h at 350 degrees C, but only for a limited time. After similar to 10 h of operation at 350 degrees C, the electrode performance degraded significantly due to carbon oxidation. However, alternative routes of synthesizing/doping graphene derivatives are expected to improve the viability of using these materials as a practical high temperature air electrode.OAIID:RECH_ACHV_DSTSH_NO:T201703089RECH_ACHV_FG:RR00200001ADJUST_YN:EMP_ID:A076710CITE_RATE:2.149FILENAME:차석원_국제논문_201704online_지상훈(타).pdfDEPT_NM:기계항공공학부EMAIL:[email protected]_YN:YFILEURL:https://srnd.snu.ac.kr/eXrepEIR/fws/file/ce17dce0-3c2f-48b3-aee4-bccc10e5a4bc/linkN
Seeing the world anew : the radical vision of Martin Waldseemüller's 1507 & 1516 world maps /
No full text9781929154470 (ISBN). 192915447X (ISBN). First edition 2012. Accompanied by 2 foldeds map in front and back pockets: 1507 map -- 1516 map.; Includes bibliographical references: pages 98-107.; Maps from pockets also available online http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-vn6254227; Original version of the 1507 map: Universalis cosmographiae secundum Ptholomaei traditionem et Americi Vespucii alioru que lustrationes. [St. Dié, France? : s.n., 1507]; Original version of the 1516 map: Carta marina, navigatoria Portugallen, navigationes atque tocius cogniti orbis terre marisque formam naturamq[u]e situs et terminos nostris temporibus recognitos et ab antiquorum traditione differentes eciam quor[um] vetusti non meminerunt auctores hec generaliter indicat / consumatum est in oppido S. Deodati compositione et digestione Martini Waldseemuller Ilacomili. [St. Dié, France? : s.n., 1516]. Prologue: In a Renaissance Vision, a Glimpse of the Modern / John W. Hessler -- "An island surrounded on all sides by sea" : The World Map, 1507 / John W. Hessler -- "Land of Cuba, part of Asia" : The Carta marina, 1516 / Chet Van Duzer -- Epilogue: A Renaissance That Resonates Still / John W. Hessler -- Notes -- Afterword / Ralph E. Ehrenberg -- About the authors -- Acknowledgments -- The Maps: The 1507 World Map, 12 sheets, with commentary -- Composite: front pocket -- The 1516 Carta marina, 13 sheets, with commentary -- Composite: back pocket
Rola Uniwersytetu Otwartego w nowoczesnej edukacji na odległość w promocji zrównoważonego rozwoju w Indiach i Polsce
No full textThe paper attempts to analyse, as to how distance education mechanisms can be effectually used for sustainability in areas of the human environment, health and management of the natural resources. Short review of methodological experiences in education of knowledge-based society for common action with experts for promotion sustainable development is based on over 20 years activity in this field of the AGH Open University and the Open Seminars on Sustainable Development and ca. 40 years of informal, problem-solving education in linkage with interdisciplinary case studies. Further this model will be sustainable in terms of clean technology used, for the benefit of the human environment and better quality of life. The concept is related to long-term international cooperation of the Polish author (e.g. from 1983 with Indian scientists) on human ecology, medical elementology, ecotoxicology and biotechnology as well as future requirements of the National Open University in India.Artykuł stanowi próbę oceny możliwości zastosowania mechanizmów edukacji na odległość w celu skutecznej promocji zrównoważonych działań w dziedzinach środowiska człowieka, zdrowia i oszczędnej gospodarki zasobami przyrody. Zwięzły przegląd doświadczeń metodycznych w zakresie edukacji społeczeństwa opartego na wiedzy nawiązuje do ponad 20-letniej działalności w tym zakresie Uniwersytetu Otwartego AGH oraz Otwartego Seminarium nt. Zrównoważonego Rozwoju, a także do 40-letniej nieformalnej edukacji ukierunkowanej na rozwiązywanie problemów w powiązaniu z badaniami interdyscyplinarnymi. Model ten służy zrównoważonemu rozwojowi, ponieważ promuje technologie proekologiczne pożyteczne dla środowiska człowieka i wpływające na poprawę jakości życia. Nawiązuje on też do wieloletniej międzynarodowej współpracy polskiego współautora (m.in. od 1983 r. z indyjskimi naukowcami) w zakresie ekologii człowieka, elementologii medycznej, ekotoksykologii i biotechnologii oraz potrzeb rozwojowych Narodowego Uniwersytetu Otwartego w Indiach
Author Correction: Establishment and equilibrium levels of deleterious mutations in large populations (Scientific Reports, (2019), 9, 1, (10384), 10.1038/s41598-019-46803-7)
No full textThe original version of this Article contained errors. Affiliations 1 and 2 were reversed. Secondly, Affiliation 7 was incorrectly given as ‘Institute for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Immunology, and SAMRC Extramural Unit for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, 0084, South Africa’. Thirdly, an affiliation was omitted for the author Michael S. Pepper, which is now listed as Affiliation 8. Fourthly, Affiliation 1 was omitted for the author Johan W. Viljoen. Finally, Augustinus J. van Zyl was incorrectly affiliated with ‘Institute for Maternal and Child Health, IRCCS ‘Burlo Garofolo’, Trieste, Italy.’ The correct author affiliations are listed below: Affiliation 1: Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, EBIT, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0028, South Africa Johan W. Viljoen and J. Pieter de Villiers Affiliation 2: Development, Research and Technology Department, Hensoldt Optronics, Centu..
Measurement of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Concentrations Using a Piezoelectric Microcantilever as a Mass Sensor
No full textHepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) concentrations weremeasured using a piezoelectric microcantilever sensor (PEMS) developed by the authors. The developed PEMS is label-free and detects the sensing signal electrically. It was designed to measure the mass of biomolecules attached to it using an accurate mass-microbalancing technique; its probe area is confined to the end of the cantilever, and its equivalent spring constant is relatively high to minimize the effect of changes in the surface stress when the biomolecules are attached to it. The "dip-and-dry" technique was used to enable the probe area of the sensor to react with reagents in controlled environmental conditions. HBsAg was detected by an immunoreaction whereas the reaction time, antibody density, and its area on the probe were kept at a constant level. The mass of the detected HBsAg was measured in the range of 0.1-100 ng/mL.open1125sciescopu
Author neologisms in the novel "Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia" by T. Boldak-Janovska
No full textThe purpose of this article is an analysis of author neologisms extracted from the novel "Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia" by T. Boldak-Janovska – writer, although living in Olsztyn, belonging to the Polish-Belarusian border. The object of research was elected not by accident: for a few years the novel attracts the attention of readers and critics. For the purposes of this analysis were selected 186 neologisms, mostly nouns and verbs, most of whom are motivated formations. The most numerous are the names of animals, birds, reptile and fish, names of plants, trees, shrubs, names of everyday objects. Author neologisms constitute an indispensable component of the Polish vocabulary. They are understandable for the users through the context and through the semantic link to the radial network to which they [email protected]. Bołdak-Janowska, 2009, Rzeczy uprzyjemniające. Utopia, Olsztyn.Buttler D., 1962, Neologizm i terminy pokrewne, „Poradnik Językowy” nr 5, s. 239–244.Bołdak-Janowska T., 2012, Szkic na Trialog 2012, „Jak daleko stąd, jak blisko”, czyli gdzie?, http://issuu.com/tamarabejot/docs/jak daleko/1, online, [8.10.
2014].Chłosta-Zielonka J., 2013, Najnowsza proza olsztyńskich twórców. Rekonesans, „Prace Literaturoznawcze UniwersytetuWarmińsko-Mazurskiego” t. 1, Olsztyn, s. 229–239.Jadacka H., 2001, System słowotwórczy polszczyzny (1945–2000), Warszawa.Kwietniowa W., 1973, O neologizmach stylu artystycznego, „Polonistyka” nr 5, s. 9–17. Polska Biografia Literacka PAN, 2012, www.pbl.ibl.poznan.pl, online, [8.10.2014]Sękowska E., 2012, Neologizmy słowotwórcze we współczesnej polszczyźnie (wybrane tendencje), [w:] Eslavistica Complutense, Warszawa, s. 97–103.Skubalanka T., 1990, Problematyka gramatyczno-stylistyczna neologizmu, „Studia Linguistica Polono-Slovaca” nr 3, s. 31–37.Smółkowa T., 1997,Metodologiczne aspekty opisu współczesnych neologizmów i neosemantyzmów polskich, [w:] Leksyka słowiańska na warsztacie językoznawcy, red. H. Popowska-Taborska, Warszawa.Smółkowa T., 2001, Neologizmy we współczesnej leksyce polskiej, Kraków.Waszakowa K., 1998, Neologizmy tekstowe w świetle ram interpretacyjnych, [w:] Tekst. Analizy i interpretacje, Lublin, s. 21–33.Waszakowa K., 2007, Wariantywne postaci neologizmów w świetle adaptacyjnej funkcji słowotwórstwa, „Prace Filologiczne Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego” t. LIII, Warszawa, s. 691–700.299-31
Partial linear and SQRD-based DF detections for DSTTD-OFDM systems in severely time-varying multipath channels
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