172 research outputs found
Zulmabad Fortress and Urartian Presence in North-western Iran: Insights from Recent Archaeological Investigations
No full textSituated at the crossroads of the Caucasus, Central Asia, and Anatolia, Iran’s north-western region holds immense historical and cultural significance within the broader Middle Eastern landscape, characterized by its rich archaeological diversity. Since the Late Bronze and Early Iron Ages, this area has supported semi-nomadic societies and sustained dynamic interactions with eastern Anatolia. The powerful Urartian state expanded into this region, constructing numerous fortresses and settlements as part of its frontier defence system. Inscriptions from the reigns of Urartian kings Ispuini and Menua reference large-scale architectural projects, reflecting the state’s enduring legacy. Archaeological surface surveys conducted by A. Ceylan between 1998 and 2019 across the Caucasus and north-western Iran—particularly in Tabriz, Ardabil, and Ahar—have revisited known sites and uncovered new fortresses, tumuli, and settlements. Among these, Zulmabad Fortress, located 36 km from Varzegan at an elevation of 2,080 metres, stands out for its strategic placement atop a steep mountain with a commanding view of the surrounding landscape. Adjacent tumuli further underscore the site’s historical importance. This study focuses on Zulmabad Fortress, employing photogrammetric analysis, ceramic typology, and architectural documentation to reveal its Urartian characteristics. Despite damage over time, the fortress remains a significant example of Urartian military architecture in Iran
Eski Çağ tarihinde Üzümlü ve çevresi
No full textIn dieser Arbeit geht es um Untersuchungen zur alten Geschichte von Üzümlü Dig Ergebnisse der Arbeit sind wie folgt Zusammenzufassen. Bisher war es nicht möglich geveser, diğe Funde über die Vorgeschichte von Üzümlü Ferstzustellen Deshalb kaun man die altgeschichtlichen Besiedlungen auf hethitische un Urartaische Zeit beschrauken. Das bedeutendste Urartaische Zentrum in der Gegend von Üzümlü ist Jeoloch Altınkale. Das Freilichttempel, Werhzeuge aus Elfenbein, Waudbilder und die Graber sind bedeudenste Urartaische Funde in Altınkale. Diese Funde kaun man zu prachtvollster Mustern der Urartâischen Kunst Zâhlen. In Yukarı ğınaşağı Ağındır und Aşağı Karaağaf gibt es drei urartaische Talsperren. Die Talsprerre in Yukarı Ağındır steht immer noch den Menschen in der Gegend zur Verfıgung. Diese rartâischen Werke gelten als typische Muster der Urartâischen Kunst.Bu çalışmada Üzümlü ve çevresinin Eski Çağ Tarihi irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın vardığı sonuçlar şöyle özetlenebilir; Üzümlü'nün tarih öncesi dönemlerine (Paleolitik, Jeolitik, Kalkolitik) ait elimizde veri yoktur. Ancak Hitit ve özellikle Urartu döneminde yerleşimler söz konusudur. Henüz tam anlamıyla araştırılmayan bölgenin Urartular açısından en önemli merkezi Altıntepe'dir. Buradaki mezarlar açık hava tapınağı, depo binası, fildişi eserler, duvar resimleri ve tapınak saray önemli buluntulardır. Bu yapıtlar Urartu sanatının en parlak dönemini temsil etmektedir. Bölgede Urartuların inşa ettikleri Yukarı Ağındır, Aşağı Ağındır, Aşağı Karaağaç, barajları, Urartuların barajlara armağan ettiği ve bugün hala kullanılan yapıtlardır. Bu yapıtlar Urartu sanatının inceliklerini bütün ihtişamıyla ortaya koymaktadır
Examining relations between physics-related personal epistemology and motivation in terms of gender
No full text0000-0003-4222-7468WOS: 000467779300010The gender gap continues to exist in physics education. The author examines the gender-related differences in the relations and strengths among personal epistemologies, motivation, and achievement in physics among Turkish high school students. Established questionnaires were used to identify students' personal epistemologies, motivations and achievement in physics. A total of 567 ninth-grade students from three high schools in Mugla Province in Turkey participated in the study. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to determine the gender differences in the relations and strengths among personal epistemology, motivation, and achievement in physics. Results from the structural equation modeling showed that students' personal epistemologies directly predicted their motivation and indirectly their achievement in physics. Multigroup structural equation modeling analysis showed that the strength of the relations between personal epistemology and motivation varied for female and male students. Implications for future directions are discussed
2002 Yılı Erzincan Erzurum ve Kars İlleri Yüzey Araştırmaları 21 Araştırma Sonuçları Toplantısı 2 2004 Ankara 263 272
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