1,721,000 research outputs found
Fig. 5 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents
No full textFig. 5. Isolated components of Elettaria cardamomum (L.) Maton extract characterized for antihypertensive activity.Published as part of Micucci, M., Bolchi, C., Budriesi, R., Cevenini, M., Maroni, L., Capozza, S., Chiarini, A., Pallavicini, M. & Angeletti, A., 2020, Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents, pp. 1-19 in Phytochemistry (112222) 170 on page 6, DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2019.112222, http://zenodo.org/record/829299
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Re: Long-term outcomes of patients with lymph node metastasis treated with radical prostatectomy without adjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy
No full textRe: long-term outcomes of patients with lymph node metastasis treated with radical prostatectomy without adjuvant androgen-deprivation therapy.
No full textExperts’ summary:In a recently published paper in European Urology, Touijer and coworkers noted that pathologic Gleason score, as well as the number of positive nodes, was significantly correlated with prostate cancer (PCa) outcome in one of the largest retrospective series of node-positive patients after radical prostatectomy (RP) without adjuvant therapy (369 consecutive patients). The study showed that for each year without biochemical recurrence (BCR), the probability of BCR-free survival increases annually to approximately 80% after 5 yr. The Gleason score and the number of positive nodes were important predictors of metastasis-free and BCR-free survival on multivariate analysis. The main message of the paper by Toujier and coworkers is that node-positive patients can have a good prognosis (in terms of survival) even without adjuvant therapy; however, the authors stressed that node-positive patients are not all at the same risk of cancer-specific death. Even if some limitations in the study design must be noted—for example, the lymph node density was not considered, the Gleason score can vary significantly throughout such a long study period, and there was a single-center source of data—the authors confirm a good outcome for node-positive patients with low metastatic tumor burdens.Experts’ comments:The concept that patients with low-volume metastasis have significantly higher survival rates than patients with a high-volume metastatic pattern is quite instinctive. Similar to Touijer et al., we recently reported on our series of 98 node-positive patients and found that patients with one to three positive lymph nodes had higher cancer-specific and overall survival than patients with more than three positive nodes. We stratified our patients into three risk-group categories according to number of positive nodes and Gleason score to better predict oncologic outcomes and found considerable differences in terms of cancer-specific and overall survival [1].
The idea that a proportion of node-positive patients with low tumor burden treated with RP plus extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) might have optimal survival even without adjuvant or salvage therapy is attractive and could support an aggressive approach to treatment in such patients. This idea leads us to the following question: Is metastatic PCa a single risk category to be treated with an identical, mild, and remissive approach?
Unlike other malignancies [2], the therapeutic role of regional lymph node dissection in PCa is still uncertain, and the metastatic pattern of PCa cells is not completely understood. However, tumor dissemination in bone vessels or lymphatic vessels can follow different patterns both biologically and chronologically [3]. In the initial phase of the metastatic pattern, some patients might have tumor dissemination only in the pelvic nodes without bone dissemination; thus, in a very carefully selected group of these patients, an extended PLND and RP could be sufficient to treat the disease. Indeed, what is the sense of performing RP to treat high-risk PCa while leaving PCa cells behind in the pelvic nodes?
In contrast, if metastatic cells are already present in the bones of node-positive patients at the time of primary treatment and the spread involves lymphatics and bones simultaneously, these cells will remain quiescent for many years. For now, a complete lymphadenectomy plus RP or complete pelvic irradiation administered in the setting of multimodal therapy is the only option available that could help to reduce the tumor volume and help render the PCa a chronic disease with slowed progression. Unfortunately, the current radiologic and molecular diagnostic armamentarium is not adequately accurate to rule out bone metastases, so prompt therapy must be given to patients at high risk of micrometastasis. We hope that new promising radiotracers such as 18F-fluorocyclobutyl-1-carboxylic acid positron emission tomography/computed tomography might become helpful options in the early identification of bone or lymphatic involvement to better address the optimal therapeutic approach in the future [4].
In conclusion, we completely agree with Touijer and coworkers that not all patients with node-positive PCa have the same risk of cancer-specific death and that stratification can help identify those patients with few lymph node metastases who might expect a better prognosis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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