70 research outputs found
A Review of Lightweight IoT Authentication Protocols From the Perspective of Security Requirements, Computation, Communication, and Hardware Costs
No full textThe Internet of Things (IoT) is a broad area that encompasses various use cases. Numerous use cases include various IoT devices, which necessitate various cryptographic methods to provide distinct security requirements. Due to their limited resources, most IoT devices require lightweight cryptographic implementations. The requirements of use cases must be revealed to use cryptography effectively. Therefore, classifying the security requirements for these scenarios is beneficial when blueprinting a new system design. Authentication is the first level of security and is crucial for ensuring the secure exchange of information. Designing an IoT authentication protocol requires addressing both security requirements and physical constraints. This paper reviews and classifies the studies in IoT authentication published in the last decade. The studies are categorized into two main categories: the authentication factors and commonly preferred cryptographic primitives. Authentication factors include passwords, RFID, smart cards, and OTPs, while cryptographic primitives focus on techniques such as ECC and PUFs. Following the study selection, this review evaluates the provided security requirements alongside computational, communication, and hardware costs, while also considering application domains. It concludes by highlighting the most common approaches and identifying existing gaps in the literature. Additionally, it examines the trade-offs between attack resistance and protocol costs
A lightweight authentication and management method for Internet of Things
No full textInternet of Things (IoT) devices are vulnerable due to their limited resources and inadequate security mechanisms. The number of IoT devices has increased day by day, so the number of devices that are connected to the Internet has also increased. Devices may be deployed anywhere and made available to anyone, making the management of numerous devices problematic. Device management is crucial, as the compromise of IoT devices might cause serious consequences and already there are examples of such a compromise caused widespread DDoS attacks. This paper aims to propose a mechanism that ensures the security of IoT devices and presents a management model and lightweight authentication mechanism simultaneously. The proposed mechanism is novel, computationally lightweight, financially low-cost, remotely usable, and requires no special hardware. This mechanism includes a key management phase to generate ephemeral keys for every session and a trivial and cost-efficient data transfer phase. The proposed mechanism provides an IoT device management model to achieve a scalable IoT environment. Data is transferred cost-effectively via XORs and hash functions. The security of the authentication mechanism is formally verified using AVISPA model checker
The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL): Combatting the Challenge of Post-Modern Islamic Terrorism
No full textAuthor: Colin Bowie
Academic Major(s): International Affairs and Justice Studies
Institution: James Madison University
Presentation Title: The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL): Combatting the Challenge of Postmodern Islamic Terrorism
Abstract: This 38-page white paper examines the causes behind the terrorist group ISIL and ultimately recommends a comprehensive policy to destroy the group and eliminate chances of its revival. The author reviews the history of Al Qaeda in Iraq and the unraveling of Syria during its civil conflict. ISIL’s rise, tactics and its manifestation as a group that actively holds territory is discussed. A literature review then analyzes three case studies of terrorism – the Irish Republican Army, the Tamil Tigers, and Hamas. Three policies are offered as possible courses of U.S. action to destroy ISIL. The author ultimately recommends a policy that calls for full-scale humanitarian and armed intervention in both Iraq and Syria to provide safe haven to refugees, force an end to the Syrian civil war and construct a functioning Iraqi state. The author concludes that resolving the conflicts in these failed states is necessary to comprehensively destroy ISIL
Finding typing compiler bugs
No full textWe propose a testing framework for validating static typing procedures in compilers. Our core component is a program generator suitably crafted for producing programs that are likely to trigger typing compiler bugs. One of our main contributions is that our program generator gives rise to transformation-based compiler testing for finding typing bugs. We present two novel approaches (type erasure mutation and type overwriting mutation) that apply targeted transformations to an input program to reveal type inference and soundness compiler bugs respectively. Both approaches are guided by an intra-procedural type inference analysis used to capture type information flow. We implement our techniques as a tool, which we call Hephaestus. The extensibility of Hephaestus enables us to test the compilers of three popular JVM languages: Java, Kotlin, and Groovy. Within nine months of testing, we have found 156 bugs (137 confirmed and 85 fixed) with diverse manifestations and root causes in all the examined compilers. Most of the discovered bugs lie in the heart of many critical components related to static typing, such as type inference.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Software Engineerin
Performance Analysis of Hardware and Software Based AES Encryption on Internet of Things SoC
No full textInternational Conference on Numerical Analysis and Applied Mathematics 2021, ICNAAM 2021 -- -- Rhodes; Sheraton Rhodes Resort -- 192641Internet of things (IoT) has become an easy target. As there are numerous devices, management is hard and security problems arise. There are various encryption algorithms to provide the security of data on an IoT device. One of the encryption algorithms that is used for IoT devices is the AES algorithm. Although the AES algorithm is not a lightweight algorithm, it can effectively be used to protect the data of IoT devices. In this paper, a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module is used as an IoT device. The AES algorithm is used to encrypt the data that is generated on the BLE device. There are two options for encryption: hardware-based encryption and software-based one. The aim of the paper is to show the hardware implementation efficiency of the AES algorithm on an IoT device by comparing it with software implementation. As a result, the hardware implementation of the AES algorithm is efficient when using the proper hardware infrastructure. © 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
Analisis Wacana Kritis Sara Mills pada Lirik Lagu Wanita Karya Upiak Isil
No full textThis research aims to find out the representation of emancipation in the lyrics of the song Wanita Upiak Isil. This research uses qualitative method with Sara Mills critical discourse study. The data source in this research is the lyrics of the song Wanita Upiak Isil. The data source comes from the spotify site and video clips on the youtube channel. Data in the form of song lyrics are analyzed using Sara Mills' perspective. The data collection technique uses the technique of simak catat. The results of the research on the representation of emancipation in the lyrics of the song Wanita Upiak Isil found the position as subject-object more than the position of the reader. The most subjects are women and the least subjects are husbands (men). The most subjects represent the lives of married women. Women experience many demands but are often not given equal rights. Meanwhile, the overall object of the couplet is more forms of independence. Other objects represent a woman's skill in working. The position of the reader is found in the form of greeting “ma'am” used by the author to address the reader or listener of the song.ABSTRAK
Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui representasi emansipasi dalam lirik lagu Wanita Upiak Isil. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan wacana kritis Sara Mills. Sumber datanya berupa lirik lagu Wanita Upiak Isil. Data tersebut diperoleh melalui platform digital Spotify dan YouTube. Data berupa lirik lagu dianalisis menggunakan perspektif Sara Mills. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik simak catat. Hasil penelitian ditemukan posisi subjek- objek, di antaranya subjek ialah wanita, objek ialah laki-laki (suami) dan posisi pembaca berupa interaksi subjek dengan pembaca dalam bentuk sapaan “Bu” yang digunakan penulis untuk menyapa pendengar atau pembaca. Sementara representasikan emansipasi wanita yang ditampilkan dalam teks berupa kesetaraan gender dalam hal ini kehidupan kaum wanita yang sudah menikah. Wanita mengalami banyak tuntutan namun sering tidak diberikan hak yang seimbang digambarkan dengan pemarkah berupa bentuk kata frasa maupun klausa seperti; wanita harus mapan, wanita harus kerja, punya uang saku bisa beli apa saja, tidak perlu minta-minta, harus bekerja.
Kata kunci: Wacana kritis, lirik lagu, emansipasi, feminism
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to analyze the values of the struggle of the The purpose of this research is to find out the representation of emancipation in the lyrics of the song Wanita Upiak Isil. This research uses the qualitative method with Sara Mills critical discourse approach. The data source is the lyrics of the song Wanita Upiak Isil. The data was obtained through digital platforms spotify and YouTube. The data in the form of song lyrics were analyzed using Sara Mills' perspective. The data collection technique used listening and note-taking techniques. The results of the study found the position of the subject-object, including the subject is a wanita, the object is a man (husband) and the position of the reader in the form of subject interaction with the reader in the form of greetings Bu used by the author to address the listener or reader. While the representation of women's emancipation displayed in the text is in the form of gender equality in this case the lives of married women. Women experience many demands but are often not given equal rights, described by markers in the form of words phrases and clauses such as; Wanita harus mapan, Wanita harus kerja, punya uang saku bisa beli apa saja, tidak perlu minta-minta, harus bekerja.
Keyword: Critical discourse, song lyrics, emancipation, feminis
Involvement of two novel proteins in Mycoplasma mobile gliding machinery revealed by newly developed gene manipulation and fluorescent protein tagging
No full textWARio: efficient code generation for intermittent computing
No full textIntermittently operating embedded computing platforms powered by energy harvesting require software frameworks to protect from errors caused by Write After Read (WAR) dependencies. A powerful method of code protection for systems with non-volatile main memory utilizes compiler analysis to insert a checkpoint inside each WAR violation in the code. However, such software frameworks are oblivious to the code structure - -and therefore, inefficient - -when many consecutive WAR violations exist. Our insight is that by transforming the input code, i.e., moving individual write operations from unique WARs close to each other, we can significantly reduce the number of checkpoints. This idea is the foundation for WARio: a set of compiler transformations for efficient code generation for intermittent computing. WARio, on average, reduces checkpoint overhead by 58%, and up to 88%, compared to the state of the art across various benchmarks.Embedded System
Cleft Lip and Palate YouTube Videos: Content Usefulness and Sentiment Analysis
No full textObjective: This study aimed to describe the content of YouTube videos about cleft lip and palate (CLP) and to describe the sentiment analysis of related comments. Design: Retrospective, YouTube video, and sentiment analysis. Methods: YouTube videos (N = 112) about CLP were examined, including demographics and ratings of quality and usefulness. Comments on CLP (N = 205) were classified by content, and measured from negative (-5) to positive (+5) with a sentiment analysis program. Results: Videos were uploaded most often by universities and hospitals (25%) and health information sites (22%). Most videos were educational (49.1%) or described patient experiences (48.2%). The most frequent video topics were terminology, CLP treatment, and prenatal diagnosis information. Based on the comprehensiveness of CLP topics covered, videos were generally rated by authors as moderately useful (31.5%) or very useful (35.7%). Comments were mostly made by people with CLP (79%), and the median sentiment scores were +3, and -2 for positive and negative sentiments, respectively. General content categories were positive comments (24.8%), provided information about themselves (24.4%), negative comments (19.5%), comments on usefulness of video (17.6%), or advice (9.3%). While 36.1% of comments noted no difficulties, the remaining comments included difficulties with surgery pain (13.2%), psychological state (12.2%), embarrassment (11.7%), physical appearance (10.2%), long term therapy (9.8%), and speech problems (6.8%). Conclusions: Although useful and educational YouTube videos were available, the variability of content quality suggests that caution be used in relying on videos for information and that experts in CLP treatment should be consulted.Orthodontic Faculty Development Fellowship Award by the American Association of OrthodontistsThe author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: Dr Isil Aras was the recipient of the Orthodontic Faculty Development Fellowship Award by the American Association of Orthodontists during 2019-2020
The relation of fetal colon and rectum diameters with labor in healthy late-third trimester pregnancies
No full textInan, Cihan (Trakya Author)
Sayin, N. Cenk (Trakya Author)
Dolgun, Z. Nihal (Trakya Author)
Erzincan, Selen Gursoy (Trakya Author)
Uzun, Isil (Trakya Author)
Sutcu, Havva (Trakya Author)
Varol, Fusun (Trakya Author)Objective: To investigate the associations of fetal colon-rectum diameters with labor and fetal distress or meconium passage in healthy pregnancies in the late 3rd trimester. Study design: A total of 162 healthy, singleton pregnant women at >= 36(0/7) weeks who were in the latent phase of labor (n = 69) or those not in labor (n = 93, controls) at the time of ultrasound examination were enrolled. Fetal colon (ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid) and rectum diameters, Doppler indices of materno-fetal vessels were measured. Data were analyzed according to the mode of delivery. Results: Fetal colon-rectum diameters were smaller in women in labor compared to controls (p = 0.001). Positive correlations were observed between fetal colon-rectum diameters and interval between ultrasound and labor onset in the control group except for those who had scheduled cesarean sections (C/S) (p = 0.001). Similar colon-rectum measurements were obtained in fetuses delivered via cesarean section due to fetal distress or to other indications (p>0.05). In women who had uterine contractions during ultrasound examination; later delivered by vaginal route, no association was observed between Apgar scores and colon-rectum diameters during latent-phase (p > 0.05), and also there were significant positive correlations between different segments of colon-rectum diameters and duration of neonatal meconium passage (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Fetal colon and rectum diameters are smaller during labor and the measurements tend to diminish as the labor approaches, but do not indicate fetal distress. (C) 2018 Elsevier By. All rights reserved
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