224 research outputs found
CARI: A model of assessment for educator preparation programs
No full textThis paper presents a model of assessment that fosters the development and maintenance of a culture of continuous improvement. Background consisting of a short discussion of accountability, the education standards movement, and a theoretical framework supporting the building of an assessment culture and a model is presented. Seven considerations for developing a model of assessment are presented. A four-phase plan for developing a culture of assessment is discussed. The connection between the considerations for developing a model of assessment, the four-phase plan for developing a culture of assessment and the development of the CARI (collect information, analyze data, report findings, and implement changes) model is woven throughout the document. Finally, a background on the research that supports the development of the CARI model and an example of how the model can be used is provided.Journal ArticleFinal article publishe
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Hints of a Hidden World
No full textDespite extensive theoretical and experimental efforts, we have yet to discover evidence of new physics. Since there is no obvious candidate for a particular new physics model that can resolve the variety of anomalies and shortcomings of the Standard Model, a potentially lucrative strategy is to explore as broadly as possible. In this dissertation we consider a two pronged approach to this strategy: constructing phenomenological models that capture the dynamics of general new physics scenarios, and developing robust tools for identifying new phenomena. We consider primarily the application of this strategy at existing and future colliders. For phenomenological models, we first consider the generic scenario where new particles are produced back-to-back with substantial transverse momenta, ultimately decaying into a dimuon pair. We also use extra dimensional models to construct tractable hidden sector scenarios with tunable radiation patterns. For both of these toy models, we expect signal events to look inherently distinct from Standard Model backgrounds. To classify these signatures, we develop a new event shape observable—event isotropy—that has a complementary dynamic range to commonly used event shapes. We discuss the efficacy of this observable and explore potential correlations. Finally we discuss how this program for new physics searches can expand even further with the construction of a multi-TeV muon machine. We show how using muons increases sensitivity to new physics scenarios that couple to second-generation particles and how we can use an O(TeV) beam in a beam-dump experiment to probe enormously small couplings. Ultimately we present many possible channels towards uncovering the first hints of new physics to motivate more concentrated efforts to identify the particle content of the universe
Examination of particle/particle interactions and their impact on rheology and mixedness of an alumina/titania system:
No full textIn the manufacturing of ceramic particulate composites, improved manufacturing efficiency means two things, ease of production and increased performance. The effect of mixedness on the rheology of alumina-titania blends has been evaluated. Alumina and titania starting powders that have been examined ranged in particle size from nanoscale (50-200 nm) to micron scale (1-5 μm). Nano and micro-alumina powders have been combined individually with macro and micro-titania powders to determine how the nano/micro structure affects rheological properties and the mixedness of the final blended compositions. The effects of varying the mixing and processing techniques used to create the compositions; such as ball milling, wet mixing, high shear mixing, and varied mixing time, has been analyzed. The effect of varying surfactant additions (sodium stearate) on the mixedness and rheology of the alumina-titania blends has also been evaluated. The range of surfactant concentrations covers the measured adsorption limits of the particles in the blend, allowing sodium stearate to act not only as surfactant, but also as bulk lubricant.
Rheological evaluation of these blends included torque, dynamic stress, and capillary rheometry. Dynamic stress rheometry measures and compares the viscous modulus and the shear modulus of a blend, allowing determination of its dynamic yield stress. Capillary rheometry was used to evaluate the extrusion pressures of the alumina-titania batches, for analysis with a Benbow-Bridgewater model, yielding information on extrusion wall stresses and extrudate bulk strength. The mixedness was evaluated by SEM-EDS method, which created a compositional map of a cross-sectional area of extrudate for distributional evaluation by nearest neighbor and standard deviation calculations.
It was found that the use of nano-alumina and macro-titania increased processing requirements such as mixing energy and extrusion pressure, but produced extrudates with minimal flaws. Powder blends with macro-alumina and nano-titania were found to have desirable processing requirements with lower extrusion pressures and mixing energies, but produced extrudates with large flaws. Powder processing was found to have minimal impact on extrudate rheology but large impact on extrudate flaws. Powder blends with shorter processing times were found to have fewer flaws than those with longer mixing times or multiple extrusions.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical references (p. 244-249)by Cari R. Augus
The new physics case for beam-dump experiments with accelerated muon beams
No full textAs the field examines a future muon collider as a possible successor to the LHC, we must consider how to fully utilize not only the high-energy particle collisions, but also any lower-energy staging facilities necessary in the R&D process. An economical and efficient possibility is to use the accelerated muon beam from either the full experiment or from cooling and acceleration tests in beam-dump experiments. Beam-dump experiments are complementary to the main collider as they achieve sensitivity to very small couplings with minimal instrumentation. We demonstrate the utility of muon beam-dump experiments for new physics searches at energies from 10 GeV to 5 TeV. We find that, even at low energies like those accessible at staging or demonstrator facilities, it is possible to probe new regions of parameter space for a variety of generic BSM models, including muonphilic, leptophilic, Lμ − Lτ, and dark photon scenarios. Such experiments could therefore provide opportunities for discovery of new physics well before the completion of the full multi-TeV collider
A field guide to event-shape observables using optimal transport
No full textWe lay out the phenomenological behavior of event-shape observables evaluated by solving optimal transport problems between collider events and reference geometries — which we name manifold distances — to provide guidance regarding their use in future studies. This discussion considers several choices related to the metric used to quantify these distances. We explore the differences between the various options, for the first time using a combination of analytical studies and simulated minimum-bias and multi-jet events. Making judicious choices when defining the metric and reference geometry can improve sensitivity to interesting signal features and reduce sensitivity to non-perturbative effects in QCD. The goal of this article is to provide a ‘field guide’ that can inform how choices made when defining a manifold distance can be tailored for the analysis at-hand
The New Physics Case for Beam-Dump Experiments with Accelerated Muon Beams
No full textAs the field examines a future muon collider as a possible successor to the
LHC, we must consider how to fully utilize not only the high-energy particle
collisions, but also any lower-energy staging facilities necessary in the R&D
process. An economical and efficient possibility is to use the accelerated muon
beam from either the full experiment or from cooling and acceleration tests in
beam-dump experiments.Beam-dump experiments are complementary to the main
collider as they achieve sensitivity to very small couplings with minimal
instrumentation. We demonstrate the utility of muon beam-dump experiments for
new physics searches at energies from 10 GeV to 5 TeV. We find that, even at
low energies like those accessible at staging or demonstrator facilities, it is
possible to probe new regions of parameter space for a variety of generic BSM
models, including muonphilic, leptophilic, , and dark photon
scenarios. Such experiments could therefore provide opportunities for discovery
of new physics well before the completion of the full multi-TeV collider.Comment: 22 pages and 10 figures + 11 pages and 10 figure
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Hitting the Thermal Target for Leptophilic Dark Matter at Future Lepton Colliders
No full textWe study future lepton collider prospects for testing predictive models of leptophilic dark matter (DM) candidates with a thermal origin. We calculate experimental milestones for testing the parameter space compatible with freeze-out and the associated collider signals at past, present, and future facilities. This analysis places new limits on such models by leveraging the utility of lepton colliders. At +− machines, we make projections using precision -pole observables from +−→ℓ+ℓ−+ signatures at large electron-positron collider and future projections for future circular collider (ee) in these channels. Additionally, a muon collider could also probe new thermal relic parameter space in this scenario via +−→+, where is any easily identifiable standard model object. Collectively, these processes can probe much of the parameter space for which DM direct annihilation to ℓ+ℓ− yields the observed relic density in Higgs-like models with mass-proportional couplings to charged leptons
A robust measure of event isotropy at colliders
No full textAbstract
We introduce a new event shape observable — event isotropy — that quantifies how close the radiation pattern of a collider event is to a uniform distribution. This observable is based on a normalized version of the energy mover’s distance, which is the minimum “work” needed to rearrange one radiation pattern into another of equal energy. We investigate the utility of event isotropy both at electron-positron colliders, where events are compared to a perfectly spherical radiation pattern, as well as at proton-proton colliders, where the natural comparison is to either cylindrical or ring-like patterns. Compared to traditional event shape observables like sphericity and thrust, event isotropy exhibits a larger dynamic range for high-multiplicity events. This enables event isotropy to not only distinguish between dijet and multijet processes but also separate uniform N-body phase space configurations for different values of N. As a key application of this new observable, we study its performance to characterize strongly-coupled new physics scenarios with isotropic collider signatures
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