1,721,291 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Global child survival initiatives and their relevante to the Latin American and Caribbean Region [Iniciativas para mejorar la supervivencia infantil y su importancia en la Regi\uf3n de Am\ue9rica Latina y el Caribe
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Intervenções para reduzir a mortalidade infantil pré-escolar e materna no Brasil Potential interventions to improve the health of mothers and children in Brazil
No full textO presente trabalho teve como objetivo analisar o possível impacto de intervenções para reduzir a mortalidade de crianças e mães brasileiras. Através de uma combinação de métodos demográficos diretos e indiretos, avaliaram-se as tendências temporais, as variações regionais e a distribuição por causas da mortalidade de mães e crianças. Avaliou-se também a atual cobertura de programas preventivos. Com base nesses parâmetros, assim como em uma revisão da literatura sobre a efetividade das intervenções disponíveis, foram obtidas estimativas do impacto potencial de cada tipo de intervenção. A mortalidade em crianças vem sendo reduzida, mas os níveis atuais ainda são elevados e há importantes desigualdades regionais, com o Nordeste e Norte apresentando os mais altos índices. Devido à predominância de causas perinatais na mortalidade de crianças brasileiras, as medidas de maior potencial são aumentos na qualidade e cobertura do atendimento pré-natal e ao parto, seguidos pelo manejo integrado de doenças infecciosas e de problemas nutricionais. Melhorias no pré-natal e parto também contribuiriam para reduzir a mortalidade materna. É importante, ainda, garantir a sustentabilidade dos avanços já alcançados em áreas como as imunizações, a terapia de reidratação oral e o planejamento familiar, assim como investir intensamente na redução das importantes desigualdades regionais.This review was aimed at analyzing the potential impact of interventions to reduce maternal and child mortality in Brazil. A combination of direct and indirect demographic methods was used to describe time trends, regional variations and cause-specific distribution of mortality. Current coverage levels of preventive interventions were also assessed. Based on these parameters, as well as on a review of the international literature on the effectiveness of different interventions, the latter were ranked according to their potential impact. Child mortality levels are falling, but current rates are still high and there are major regional differences, with the highest rates observed in the Northeastern and Northern Regions. Due to the predominance of perinatal causes in underfive child mortality, the most promising interventions include improving the quality and coverage of antenatal and delivery care, followed by the integrated management of infectious diseases and nutritional counseling. Improvement in antenatal and delivery care will also contribute to reducing maternal mortality. It is also important to ensure the sustainability of current achievements, including vaccine coverage, oral rehydration therapy and family planning, as well as to invest heavily in reducing major regional differences
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