1,721,008 research outputs found
The Historical Transformation of Peri-Urban Land Use Patterns, via Landscape GIS-Based Analysis and Landscape Metrics, in the Vesuvius Area
No full textPeri-urban areas constitute an enormous resource in terms of natural capital, landscape heritage and economic activities, but, at the same time, they are often affected by physical and socio-economic degradation, drawing the attention of decision makers and planners. Many studies have focused on these contexts both in terms of suburbs, with a close dependence on urban centers, and new land typologies. The present paper focuses on documentary evidence of the direct impacts of urban growth on rural lands. The study area entails the Vesuvius National Park, which, belonging the Naples metropolis, is well-known for its historical, geo-morphologic and naturalistic value. Furthermore, the area has a history of high-quality cartographic production: the 1817, 1907, 1960, 2009 time steps maps were digitized, georeferenced, vectorized and compared in a GIS environment. The results highlight a strong change in land-use, in vineyards and urban class types, with a more disaggregated landscape mosaic. The approach shows that the historical modeling of land-use changes supports the understanding of current land-use dynamics and landscape patterns. The study also shows the need to integrate landscape planning and landscape ecology approaches, highlighting the close interactions between urban, agricultural and natural areas, for the purpose of supporting decision makers in land-use management and conservation policies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The landscape approach as support to the livestock manure management. the buffalo herds case-study in Sele plain, Campania region
No full textThe buffalo breeding and mozzarella cheese production are crucial for the economic asset of Campania region (Southern Italy). The recent awareness about the meaningful environmental impacts of livestock sector and related manure management, together with the law regulations and new limitations imposed at the EU and national level, require the control and reduction of ammonia emissions as well as other gases such as VOCs in the primary sector. For this purpose, this paper proposes a framework of tools and activities/processes, typical of the landscape/land-use planning approaches, which could be strategic for the livestock manure management chain. Algorithm's development, GIS environment parameters definition, probabilistic multi-criteria approach and spatial modelling methods, were used as support for the rural land governance. The work, in a delicate phase of adaptation of the livestock sector, according to the EU Green Deal (2020) and the regional Council Decree (2017) calls, aims to raise the awareness of policy makers, administrators and operators, to the environmental sustainability of the livestock sector. The aim is to promote good agricultural practices, which can protect the environmental system and, furthermore, become an additional economic resource. The results are remarkably: on the one hand, the suitable areas for the livestock manure treatment plants have been identified; on the other hand, suitable areas for manure spreading were also identified and evaluated. The framework allows approaching the manure management issue from the point of view of sustainability and mitigation of the environmental impacts of, basing not only on the production perspective but also considering socio-economic and environmental criteria
Diachronic analyses on land use changes and vernacular architecture distribution, to support agricultural landscape development
No full textRural buildings have shaped for centuries the landscape. In the last decades, however, the traditional balance between vernacular architectures and agricultural areas was often altered, without a correspondence between productions and buildings. Identifying the rural buildings distribution, recognizing the changes in land uses and understanding the criteria and processes which characterize them, are strategic both to protect the traditional and cultural heritage and to support a suitable landscape development. The main aims of the work are: to support the identification of vernacular architectures in Mediterranean costal and less productive contexts; to recognize the land use changes and their impacts on landscape structure; and to support the decision makers activity considering both the historical building heritage and the local community development issues. In the study area, the Sorrento’ Peninsula (Southern Italy), at local scale, due to the absence of a regional archive on rural buildings, the buildings identification (in the last fifty years) inside the agricultural areas and their comparison with topographic, aesthetic and connectivity indices were developed; at regional scale, land uses changes recognition and their impact assessment, in terms of landscape metrics were assessed. A considerably huge area (20 %) was subjected to land use changes, mainly due to urban and forested areas increase and agricultural lands decrease. As fragmentation process results, the landscape structure is more complex and disaggregated, consisting of smaller, numerous and isolated parcels. Furthermore, despite the reduction in agricultural areas, the number of buildings has more than doubled, highlighting the strong pressure to which the territory is subjected today due to land consumption. The results stand out the need for decision-makers to monitor these contexts to stem the effects, and the vernacular architecture preservation and the agricultural uses improvement can be the support for new different socio-economic activities and opportunities. The present work proved to be useful for meta-analysis of rural buildings distribution compared with land use changed driving forces, allowing a significant reduction in analysis costs and times. The approaches and methods integration allows providing a replicable model for other Mediterranean and European regions. The combination of traditional knowledge and modern technology offers a comprehensive approach to support a landscape management that respects both the past and the future, fostering resilience and sustainable development in rural areas
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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