1,720,967 research outputs found
The Late Pleistocene cave hyena from Grotta Guattari (San Felice Circeo, central Italy)
No full textRecent excavations in Grotta Guattari (Circeo Promontory, southern Latium, Italy), in an area that had never been investigated before, the so-called Antro del Laghetto, returned abundant fossil remains of cave hyena. The newly acquired chronology of Grotta Guattari speleothems has allowed us to date the hyena frequentation, and thus the bone accumulations of this part of the cave, around 65 ka (Late Pleistocene, MIS 4). Comparisons with mandibles and upper and lower jugal teeth of extinct and extant hyenas have led to the determination that the species that occupied Grotta Guattari is Crocuta spelaea. The cave hyena from Grotta Guattari had robust jaws and it was relatively large, with some specimens among the largest in Western Europe. Comparisons with the age at death classes of main preys of modern and Late Pleistocene predators suggest that the bone accumulations can be referred to the hunting activity by Crocuta spelaea, which introduced only parts of the carcasses into the cave. Comparisons with dens of modern and Late Pleistocene hyenas suggest this part of Grotta Guattari had a multiple use (storage + communal den), an occurrence already documented in other Late Pleistocene sites. Finally, some cases of cannibalism were described
Chronostratigraphic constraints on Middle Pleistocene faunal assemblages and Acheulian industries from the Cretone lacustrine basin, central Italy
No full textIntegrated40Ar/39Ar, trace-element, stratigraphic, palaeontological and palaethnological data providegeochronological and biochronological constraints for the sedimentary and tectonic history of a Middle Pleistocenefluvial–lacustrine basin near Rome (Cretone Basin, central Italy), which has yielded a significant record of mammalfossil remains and Palaeolithic industry. This work is a case study of the interplay between tectonics and glacio-eustacy, which strongly influenced the evolution of the Tyrrhenian Sea margin of central Italy. Dating of tephralayers interbedded within the Cretone Basin lacustrine succession and reconstruction of relict terraced surfacesallow correlation with similar, geochronologically constrained, marine isotopic stages (MIS) 15–5 terraced depositsalong the coast. Coupled extensional tectonics and regional uplift over the last 600ka caused the progressiveuplifting and westward migration of the main fluvial–lacustrine basin and the formation of a smaller satellite basinat its eastern margin. Here, stable environmental conditions during MIS 13–5 indicated continuous human andlarge mammal frequentation, as testified by lithic industry and fossil remains ascribable to the Acheulean and laterearly Middle Palaeolithic technocomplexes and Galerian–Aurelian mammal faunas, respectively. In additionto providing independent age constraints to glacial sea-level oscillations of this region, the reconstructedchronostratigraphic setting for the Cretone Basin provides evidence for one of the oldest Acheulean lithicassemblage of central Italy, as well as new biochronological and palaeobiogeographical data for some MiddlePleistocene mammal species of Italy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
New volcanological and palethnological data from Avetrana site (Southern Italy)
No full textThis work describes the Mousterian lithic artifacts found in the Avetrana karst filling (Apulia), among the oldest of southern Italy. A volcanoclastic layer found at the base of Bed 8, in the highest part of the stratigraphic succession, is also described. The compositional characteristics of the glasses of this volcanoclastic layer indicate a possible area of origin in the Mount Vulture volcano, and allow us to suggest that it is an aeolian fallout that occurred during or immediately after a late eruption of the Mount Vulture, probably within the 132 +/- 10 ka time span. The chronological result relating to the volcanoclastic sediments would place the underlying beds in the last Interglacial, MIS 5e, and the overlying Bed 8 at the onset of last Glacial period, MIS 5d. Moreover, it is in agreement with the paleoclimatic considerations based on the ecological and biogeographical features of mammal assemblages and it has a very important significance also for the biochronology of the Pleistocene. In fact, it allows us to confirm that some taxa found in the Avetrana succession, such as Crocidura gr. suaveolens, Arvicola italicus, the evolved form of Microtus (Terricola) gr. savii, and the modern form of Dama dama, occur for first time in Italy at the beginning of Late Pleistocene
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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