1,574 research outputs found
Enlightening structure and properties of dendrimers by fluorescence depolarization
No full textDendrimers containing luminescent components , are particularly interesting since (i) luminescence signals offer a handle to better understand the dendritic structures and superstructures, (ii) cooperation among the photoactive components can allow the dendrimer to perform useful functions such as light harvesting, (iii) changes in the photophysical properties can be exploited for sensing purposes with signal amplification, and (iv) photochemical reactions can change the structure and other properties of dendrimers. Luminescent dendrimers are also suitable for fluorescence anisotropy measurements that can give information on specific properties, such as (a) rotational reorientation times and hydrodynamic properties, (b) individual molecule rotational isomerism, (c) local motions of subunits, (d) mechanisms and rate of delocalization of the excitation energy, and (e) hosting ability
Family Structure and the Turnout Gender Gap: Evidence from Italy
No full textWe study the effects of changes in household structure–marriage, divorce, widowhood, and the presence of children of different ages–on individual-level voter turnout. To this end, we assemble a unique voter-level panel dataset spanning four elections in a large Italian municipality. The data merge information from administrative voter rolls, the civil register, and income tax files. Differences-in-differences estimates accounting for voter fixed effects reveal sizable effects of marital status and children on voter participation. Impact estimates are significantly different across genders and are not explained by socio-economic characteristics. To show that changes in voter participation do not predate changes in family structure, we use an event-study approach that is rare in micro-econometric studies of voter turnout. Lastly, we explore possible mechanisms using pooled cross-sectional data from the Italian National Election Studies and the ISTAT Aspects of Daily Life surveys. Our results shed new light on the importance of life-course transitions and their gender-heterogeneous effects as key drivers of voter turnout
Making Unequal Democracy Work? The Effects of Income on Voter Turnout in Northern Italy
No full textIn many democracies, voter turnout is higher among the rich than the poor. But do changes in income lead to changes in electoral participation? We address this question with unique administrative data matching a decade of individual tax records with voter rolls in a large municipality in northern Italy. We document several important findings. First, levels of income and turnout both dropped disproportionately among relatively poor citizens following the Great Recession. Second, we show that within-individual changes in income have an effect on participation, which is modest on average due to diminishing returns, but can be consequential among the poor. Third, we find that declining turnout of voters facing economic insecurity has exacerbated the
income skew in participation, suggesting that income inequality and turnout inequality may reinforce each other. We discuss the theoretical implications of these results, set in a context with strong civic traditions and low barriers to voting
David Audretsch: A Source of Inspiration, a Co-author, and a Friend
No full textIn this chapter, Enrico Santarelli discusses the profound impact that David had on his career. Beginning with a conference in Budapest, Santarelli and David bocame close friends and colleagues. They went on to collaborate on many papers and projects, several of which Santarelli highlights below
Dialogo con Enrico Palandri
No full textA conversation with Enrico Palandri aimed at contextualizing his work as an author
Metal ion complexes of cyclam-cored dendrimers for molecular photonics
No full textBecause of its ability to form stable complexes with a wide variety of metal ions, cyclam (1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) is one of the most studied ligands in coordination chemistry. Functionalizing the cyclam unit with photoactive dendrons open a door to construct giant homo- and heteroleptic metal complexes that display interesting spectroscopic properties, particularly as far as luminescence is concerned. Light is a tool both to study metal coordination processes, and to act as input or output in order to achieve the desired function
Designing Light Harvesting Antennas by Luminescent Dendrimers
No full textDendrimers are well defined, tree-like macromolecules, with a high degree of order and the possibility to contain selected chemical units in predetermined sites of their structure. Nowadays it is possible to design and synthesize dendrimers containing a variety of chromophoric groups organized in the dimensions of time, energy, and space so as to obtain efficient light-harvesting devices that can be useful for solar energy conversion, as well as for other purposes. In order to design the pattern and maximize the efficiency of light harvesting it is necessary to take into account not only the absorption and emission spectra of the various chromophoric units, but also their redox properties in the ground and excited states since dissipative photoinduced electron transfer processes can compete with energy transfer. Luminescence intensity measurements, both steady state and time dependent, fluorescence anisotropy, and transient absorption spectra are the techniques commonly used in this field. In this paper we discuss some paradigmatic cases including: (i) light harvesting within dendritic structures; (ii) light harvesting by molecules or ions hosted inside the dendritic structure; (iii) light harvesting in systems resulting from association of dendrimers with other large molecules
Modern Family? The Gendered Effects of Marriage and Childbearing on Voter Turnout
No full textIn many democracies, gender differences in voter turnout have narrowed or even reversed. Yet, it appears that women participate more in some circumstances and men in others. Here we study how life trajectories - specifically, marriage and having children - will impact male and female turnout differently, depending on household-level context. To this end, we leverage a unique administrative panel dataset from Italy, an established democracy where traditional family structures remain important. Our within-individual estimates show that marriage increases men's participation to women's higher pre-marital levels, particularly so in low-income families.We also find that infants depress maternal turnout, especially among more traditional families, whereas primary school children stimulate paternal turnout. Exploring aggregate-level consequences, we show that demographic trends in marriage and fertility have contributed to recent shifts in the gender composition of the electorate. Together, our results highlight the importance of the family as a variable in political analyses
Luminescent Dendrimers as Ligands and Sensors of Metal Ions
No full textSuitably designed luminescent dendrimers can play the role of ligands for luminescent and non-luminescent metal ions. This combination leads to species capable of exhibiting interesting and unusual properties, including (i) shielding excited states from quenching processes, (ii) light harvesting, (iii) conversion of incident UV light into visible or infra red emission, and (iv) metal ions sensing with signal amplification
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