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Gestione irrigua di precisione utile per l'agricoltura alpina
No full textLa possibilità di integrare dati meteorologici, conoscenze dei suoli e strumenti di monitoraggio permette di calibrare gli apporti irrigui, ottimizzando l'uso dell'acqua. Tutto ciò risulta ancora più importante in annate quali il 2024 caratterizzate da precipitazioni abbondanti, che impongono la gestione di eccesso idrico e deflusso superficial
Effects of deficit irrigation practices on the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere system: a case study on Vitis vinifera L. (Teroldego cv.) from Trentino Alto Adige, Italy
Get PDFViticulture in Trentino Alto Adige (northern Italy) mainly focuses on wine quality rather than quantity, and it is well known that wine quality can be improved by applying moderate water stress during fruit ripening. But with climate change extreme drought periods are becoming more and more frequent, and longer often coupled with high air temperatures. This is challenging for farmers, since prolonged periods of water scarcity negatively affect the physiological activity of the vines, the yield and the increase of water demand from irrigation reservoirs. On the other hand, summer extreme precipitations cause, as well, crop loss, plant diseases, nutrient leaching and soil erosion. With appropriate precision irrigation practices the timing and the amount of water can be controlled to guarantee the optimal amount of water to the crops and ensure the best quality of the products, also avoiding water loss by runoff or deep percolation resulting from an excess of irrigation. In this perspective it is essential to accurately monitor the water status of the SPAC, which is the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum. This study focuses on the comparison of two different irrigation regimes on a vineyard located in Mezzolombardo (Trentino Alto Adige, Italy), with the analysis of the water status of the field during the 2024 growing season and the comparison of the musts after harvest. Four vines (Vitis vinifera L., Teroldego cv.) on the same vine row were chosen: two of them were kept without irrigation, and the others were treated as usual with irrigation scheduled by the irrigation consortia. The water state of the plant was monitored with microtensiometers (FloraPulse Co., Davis, USA) embedded in the trunk and measuring the stem water potential (Ψstem) allowing a continuous, non-invasive and remote monitoring of Ψstem. The amount of water in the soil was measured with tensiometers, located near each plant, and atmospheric parameters were given by a meteorological station nearby. The start of the 2024 growing season has been extremely wet and limited the initial development of the vegetation, but August was characterized by almost no water income and particularly high temperatures. Despite the lack of water, the non irrigated plants never reached Ψstem values associated to water stress, whereas the irrigated plants were kept regularly irrigated even when the water in the soil was above field capacity, leading to a potential loss of water by deep percolation. The comparison of the musts between the two thesis highlighted no significant differences in the organoleptic properties and the Ravaz Index showed that the non irrigated vines were in a better vegetative-productive equilibrium with respect to the irrigated plants. In order to adapt the agricultural production to the water imbalance given by the changing climate, it is more effective to provide irrigation only when needed, and not to rely on a scheduled calendar. It is confirmed that precision irrigation practices accurately support the crop needs and it should be one common practice to be developed and enhanced in the near future
Coupling stem water potential and soil water potential on irrigated and not irrigated vines: preliminary results for Vitis vinifera L. cv Teroldego
Get PDFPrecision irrigation in the Trentino region: how SWAB tackles the water challenges
Get PDFThis study presents SWAB (Soil-Water-Atmosphere Advanced Budget), an advanced model for precision irrigation of grapevine, apple, and olive orchards in alpine regions, developed to address the needs of the agricultural sector and policymakers. Based on the FAO-56 water balance methodology, SWAB enhances this approach by incorporating advanced parameterizations of the Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC), specifically adapted to the pedoclimatic variability of the Trentino region. The region encompasses approximately 20,000 irrigated hectares of orchards and vineyards, with a Gross Production Value (GPV) of 22.7 kEUR/ha at current prices (updated 2022, source: ISPAT), highlighting the critical role of irrigation in stabilizing productive yields and supporting the local economy. Although annual precipitation is abundant, including during the growing season for apples and grapevines, decreasing snowfall is progressively eroding spring water reserves, intensifying competition among economic sectors (agriculture, tourism, and hydropower). In the Trentino context, irrigation water is managed by Land Improvement and Irrigation Consortia without fully considering crop-specific needs. SWAB estimates irrigation requirements and, through the IRRITRE project, supports irrigation Consortia in optimizing short-term water distribution. This integrated approach promotes sustainable water resource management, thereby strengthening the resilience of Trentino's agriculture in the face of climate change
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Coupling stem water potential and soil water potential on irrigated and not irrigated vines: preliminary results for Vitis vinifera L. cv Teroldego
Get PDFImproving wine quality necessitates precise control over plant water stress, which requires accurate scheduling of irrigation based on the plant's water status and the soil's water availability. The aim of this experiment is to monitor the water status of grapevines and soil in both irrigated and not-irrigated conditions to quantify differences in the plant's physiological response and yield. In addition, novel microtensiometer probes for measuring continuously the Stem Water Potential were tested for efficacy. These probes were coupled with a handcrafted tensiometer to monitor the Soil Water status and at the end of the season all the yield was analyzed to determine the main oenological parameters driving the final quality of the musts. Initial findings indicate that the microtensiometers gave effective estimates of the vines’ water status, revealing rapid plant responses to water inputs and atmospheric changes. Notably for the experiment, soil moisture exceeded field capacity under irrigated vines before irrigation, suggesting potential water loss through deep percolation, and both the irrigated and not-irrigated vines were in water comfort for all the vegetative season without any detriment both in production and quality
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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