1,720,958 research outputs found
Clinical features of chronic C virus hepatitis in patients with celiac disease
No full textThe association between celiac disease (CD) and several
liver disorders has long been documented. About 40% of
adult celiac patients have been reported to have mild to
moderate hypertransaminasemia (up to five times the upper
limit of normal) at the time of diagnosis of CD [1, 2]. In
addition, CD has been found in roughly 10% of patients
with unexplained hypertransaminasemia, and the majority
of them have had their liver enzyme levels normalized after
one year of following a strict gluten-free diet [3, 4]. In
addition, an increased prevalence of primary biliary
cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and autoimmune
hepatitis among CD patients has been reported [5, 6]. CD
might also be linked to very severe liver conditions such as
end-stage liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma [7].
There is also evidence, even contrasting reports, about the
association of CD with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and
fatty liver disease [8].
In contrast, no definitive evidence is available about the
association between chronic hepatitis C (hepatitis C virus
[HCV]) and CD. Fine et al. described a three-fold increase
of CD prevalence among HCV patients compared to
noninfected celiac individuals [9]. It has also been reported
the activation of silent CD during the antiviral treatment for
HCV with interferon-α and ribavirin, both alone and in
combination [10]. Consequently, a routine serological
screening for CD has been proposed in HCV patients
before starting antiviral therapy. In case of HCV positivity,
the achievement of the histological normalization of the
intestinal mucosa after following a gluten-free diet has been
advised before starting the therapy [10]
Effect of a Gluten-free Diet on the Risk of Enteropathy-associated T-cell Lymphoma in Celiac Disease
No full textAbstract Patients with celiac disease have an increased
rate of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, but conflicting
data are available about the protective role of a
gluten-free diet with regard to the development of this
malignancy. We followed 1,757 celiac patients for a total
period of 31,801 person-years, collecting data about the
frequency of gluten intake and the incidence of the
enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma. Out of the nine
celiac patients who developed an intestinal lymphoma
[standard morbidity ratio of 6.42 (95% CI = 2.9–12.2;
P\0.001)], only two kept a strict gluten-free diet after the
diagnosis of celiac diasese and developed the malignancy
after the peridiagnosis period of 3 years, dropping therefore
the standard morbidity ratio to 0.22 (95%CI = 0.02–0.88; P\0.001).
The risk of developing an intestinal lymphoma
for the celiac patients that used to have dietary gluten was
significant (X2 = 4.8 P = 0.01). These results show that a
strict gluten-free diet is protective towards the development
of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma.
In conclusion, this study demonstrated that a strict GFD
is protective towards the development of gastro-intestinal
lymphoma. Therefore, celiac patients should be informed
about the importance of complying with a strict GFD in
order to prevent the onset of this neoplasm. In addition, a
careful screening for intestinal lymphoma should be performed
in celiac patients who do not follow a strict GFD
after the diagnosis of CD or diagnosed affected by celiac
patients after their childhood
Delayed diagnosis of coealiac disease increases cancer risk.
No full textThe association between coeliac disease (CD) and neoplasms has been long established, but few data are available about the risk factors. The aim of this paper is to estimate the risk of developing a neoplasm among non diagnosed coeliac patients and to evaluate if this risk correlates with the age of patients at diagnosis of coeliac disease.
Methods
The study population consists of patients (n = 1968) diagnosed with CD at 20 Italian gastroenterology referral Centers between 1st January 1982 and 31st March 2005.
Results
The SIR for all cancers resulted to be 1.3; 95% CI = 1.0–1.7 p < 0.001. The specific SIRs for non Hodgkin lymphoma was 4.7; 95% CI = 2.9–7.3 p < 0.001, for the small bowel carcinoma 25; 95% CI = 8.5–51.4 p < 0.001, for non Hodgkin lymphoma 10; 95% CI = 2.7–25 p = 0.01, finally for the stomach carcinoma 3; 95% CI = 1.3–4.9 p < 0.08. The mean age at diagnosis of CD of patients that developed sooner or later a neoplasm was 47,6 ± 10.2 years versus 28.6 ± 18.2 years of patients who did not.
Conclusion
Coeliac patients have an increased risk of developing cancer in relation to the age of diagnosis of CD. This risk results higher for malignancies of the gastro-intestinal sites. An accurate screening for tumors should be performed in patients diagnosed with CD in adulthood and in advancing age
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
