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Circulation of Enteric Viruses in Tirana, Albania: Situation Ten Years After the First Study
No full texta variety of enteric bacteria, viruses and protozoa are the leading causes of morbidity and mortality
worldwide. to understand the evolution of gastroenteritis in albania, in terms of distribution of
aetiological pathogens, a one-year observational study was repeated in 2017, ten years after the first
study performed in 2007.
the data still show a clear circulation of viruses that cause gastroenteritis. compared to the previous
study in 2007, the data from the 2017 study showed the incidence of norovirus and adenovirus were
significantly higher (p value <0.05), while rotavirus was verified at a similar incidence rate
molecular characterization of norovirus GII strains identified in Albania
Get PDFNoroviruses (NoVs) are considered as the leading
cause of diarrheal diseases in all groups of
age. In the last decade the number of NoV outbreaks
worldwide is increasing. Data published
by the systems of NoV surveillance show the
GII.4 strain as the human predominant genotype
circulating worldwide and new genetic
variants of GII.4 were associated with epidemic
events. In Albania the economy transformation
has damaged significantly the environment and
a large circulation of enteric viruses was
reported in the past with the presence of NoV
among the genotyped strains. This study aimed
to characterize, by molecular analysis, the NoV
GII strains detected in Albania during two time
periods: in 2010 from the outbreak occurred in
Ballsh and in 2002–2003 from sporadic cases of
diarrhoea. A total of 21 Nov GII strains were
characterized. The NoV GII.4 was genotyped
more frequently and it was related closely to
the pandemic variants recorded in GenBank.
During 2002–2003, six NoV GII recombinant
strains have been characterized
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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