102,057 research outputs found
Peace Maintenance in Africa
No full textCuratela in comune di articoli dedicati al mantenimento della pace in Africa, recante i seguenti articoli:
The Relationship Between the UN Security Council and the AU Peace
and Security Council in the Field of Peacekeeping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 1
Giovanni Cellamare
The African Security System: Between the Quest for Autonomy and
the External Financial Dependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 35
Giuseppe Pascale
EU-UN Cooperation in Multifunctional Peace Operations in Africa . . . p. 57
Criseide Novi
NATO and Peace Maintenance in Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 77
Leonardo Pasquali
The Role of the International Financial Institutions in Fragile and
Conflict-Affected Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p.11
Annamaria Viterbo
Transitional Justice in Africa: Between the Fight Against Impunity
and Peace Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .p.135
Egeria Nalin
The Relationship Between the African States and the International
Criminal Court: Immunity or Impunity? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . p. 16
The Relationship Between the UN Security Council and the AU Peace and Security Council in the Field of Peacekeeping
No full textAbstract Article 53 gives the SC the power to utilize regional (arrangements or) agencies to carry out enforcement action under its direction; but ‘no enforcement action shall be taken under regional arrangements or by regional agencies without the authorization of the Security Council’. The rules of Treaty establishing the AU have been interpreted in several ways in relation to Chapter VIII of the UN Charter. In this respect it is helpful to look at the effects of Article 103 of the UN Charter. This provision directs the conduct of the Member States, which are parts of other international organizations, in a way consistent with the same provision. Article 103 requires that the rules in question. are to be interpreted and applied by Member States of AU in accordance with the combined provisions of Articles 2.4, 24 and 53 of the Charter. There is a gap between the ambitions for autonomy derived from the rules of the Constitutive Acts of the AU and of other regional and sub-regional African organizations and the actual operating capacity of the organizations in question. This does not exclude the fact that those rules lead us to focus on the exceptionality of the African situation and on the relevant operational contexts. The rules of the AU Constitutive Act can be used as the basis of a partnership with the UN, characterized by the primacy of the PSC compared to the organs of other regional and sub-regional African organizations with responsibilities for maintaining internationalpeace and security
On the social rights of irregular migrants
No full textThe Return Directive contains provisions on certain social
rights of non-removable irregular migrants. The Directive refrains
from addressing the general problem of access to those rights by all irregular
migrants. However, while the European Social Charter does
not expressly refer to irregular migrants, arguments connected to respecting
human dignity may well lead to applying the Charter to them.
The problem in question must be addressed in light of the Charter of
Fundamental Rights as well as the international conventions on human
rights to which the EU Member States are parties. Accounts
should be taken of the indications of the ECHR and the CESC
I. CARACCIOLO; G. CELLAMARE; A. DI STASI y P. GARGIULO (directores), Migrazioni internazionali: Questioni giuridiche aperte
No full textEste artículo reseña: I. Caracciolo; G. Cellamare; A. di Stasi y P. Gargiulo (Directores), Migrazioni internazionali: Questioni giuridiche aperte. Editoriale Scientifica, Napoli, 2022, Pp. 767 Pp. ISBN 979-12-5976-263-
The ambiguous renaissance of Rome
No full textOver the last decade, many Italian cities witnessed how the introduction of direct election for the Mayor (enacted by national law n° 81/1993) contributed to a radical switch in the municipal management. The new “leadership-sensitive” management of towns often tended to amplify the risks of joining an international model of “Urban Renaissance” centred on the neoliberal competition struggle among world cities. This mainstream, in many Italian historical centres, was led by the increase in real estate values and the incredible pressure of commercial/tourist activities which determined a widespread tendency to make the city into a living museum, allow unruly, mass commercialization and expel the ‘mixité sociale’, in this way threatening the identity of those characteristics which guarantee the survival of some attractive activities themselves. The city of Rome offers a brilliant example of this double-effect mechanism. It is also an interesting place where another ambiguity of this new institutional framework becomes clear: being that the ‘decisionism’ suggested by the one-man-centred electoral system matched with a gradual opening of social dialogue. Under this perspective, the so-called “Modello Roma” (Rome Model) is not more than a self-description which the present ruling group created to resume (and doing marketing on) their goals: those of giving shape to a paradoxical/ambitious horizon of a “competitive city of solidarity”. The recent book “The Rome Model. The ambiguous modernity” (AA.VV., 2007), whilst honestly recognising many positive aspects of several Renaissance policies implemented in the Italian Capital along the last 6 years, introduces some doubts on their long term effects. While wondering why the “Rome model” is gaining the status of national reference to be emulated by local authorities all over the country, the book prefers to redefine it as a successful “managing style” going towards a cementified city warmly welcoming the international mass-tourism and participating in the neoliberal competition struggle among world cities, rather then accepting its self-definition as a “progressive model” for coping with the urban problems. If regarded from the city historic heart, the definition which better fits for the “Rome Model” is probably that of an “urban oxymoron made out of a joint venture between a strong enrooted history of labour and grassroots’ bottom-up battles for conquering the right-to-the-city and a sort of terrain vague open to developers’ pillage strategies” (Allegretti, 2007). Within a similar context, the interests of the Rome local government in the gradual increase of spaces of social dialogue and participation practices, may denote ongoing cultural change or simply a ‘nodal tactic’ for answering to the growth of urban conflicts, avoiding heavy clashes and diluting them into thousands of tiny deliberative arenas. But it indeed reveals an approach in transition from a policy attentive above all to transformation in the urbs (i.e. the physical city) to policies which pay attention to changes in the civitas (the established community), with its effects linked to inhabitants’ heightened sense of belonging and civil commitment. Taken as a whole, all these reasons explain the perspective from which the present essay intends to throw a glance on the ambiguous urban Renaissance of Rome over the last 6 years. It will mainly “tell a story”, that of the dynamic asset of an urban movement which took shape in the very core of historical centre, leading to some practical results which affected urban public policies. The latter could be considered “symbolic” of the future possibilities that urban movements could open – with their struggle - to gain a more ‘incisive’ position in addressing or re-shaping urban policies. The chosen narrative style aims at simplifying comprehension to those readers who are not in deep familiarity with the peculiar roman complexity
Preformulation studies and estimation of brain penetration for two alpidem analogues having anticonvulsant activity
No full textThe dual aim of this study was to gain insight into the potential development of two alpidem analogues 2 and 3 containing a GABA or glycine moiety and to explore the brain penetration properties accounting for their anticonvulsant effects. For these purposes, solubility, stability and
brain penetration studies were performed. In contrast to that found in acidic medium, in phosphate buffer pH 7.4 compounds 2 and 3 were poorly soluble. In solution buffered at pH 7.4 compounds 2 and 3 showed half-lives of 140 and 64 h, but they were found to undergo faster cleavage in dilute rat serum at 37°C. To gain insights into the brain penetration properties of compounds 2 and 3 after intraperitoneal administration, capillary electrophoresis, semi-microbore liquid chromatography and electron spray ionization-mass spectrometry techniques were used to analyze microdialysis samples. The detection of intact compounds 2 and 3, along with the absence of acid solutes in the dialysate, lend support to a mechanism whereby the alpidem analogues 2 and 3 act as intact molecules rather than in a prodrug-type mechanism, implying that GABA and Gly, respectively, are delivered to the brain
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