1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Impact of exercise modalities on neuroplasticity. Focus on BDNF sources
No full textL’exercice physique (EX) est reconnu comme la stratégie non pharmacologique la plus efficace pour améliorer la santé cérébrale. Les études menées chez l’Homme et l’animal s’accordent pour impliquer le brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), une neurotrophine dont les taux cérébraux augmentent en réponse à l’EX et qui est unanimement reconnue comme une molécule de signalisation cruciale de la neuroplasticité. Principalement exprimé par les neurones, le BDNF est également très exprimé par la cellule endothéliale et la cellule musculaire. Très largement sollicités lors d’un effort physique, l’endothélium et le muscle pourraient intervenir dans les effets positifs induits par l’EX. Bien qu’il existe aujourd’hui un consensus sur l’implication du BDNF dans les effets cérébraux de l’EX, il n’en existe pas concernant les modalités d’EX à pratiquer pour optimiser de manière efficace la plasticité cérébrale. Dans ce contexte, les objectifs de ces travaux étaient de déterminer l’impact des modalités de l’EX sur les expressions protéiques de BDNF dans différents territoires (cerveau, endothélium, muscle) et d’étudier les mécanismes à l’origine de l’augmentation de BDNF en réponse à l’EX.Nos résultats montrent que 1) l’expression du BDNF dans des vaisseaux périphériques de même territoire vasculaire (diamètre interne différent) est similaire en réponse à l’EX et majoritairement d’origine endothéliale, 2) l’augmentation de l’expression cérébrale de BDNF en réponse à l’EX dépend de l’intensité de l’EX, mais pas du type de contraction (excentrique/concentrique), 3) la mémoire est restaurée par un EX de forte intensité, 4) l’EX n’impacte pas l’expression musculaire de BDNF, mais augmente l’expression du précurseur de l’irisine (FNDC5), 5) l’expression du BDNF dépend de la composition du muscle en fibres musculaires, 6) les effets cérébraux de l’intensité de l’EX ne semblent pas être reliés à la surexpression de l’irisine musculaire.En conclusion, nos données démontrent que l’EX impacte positivement l’expression endothéliale, cérébrale mais pas musculaire de BDNF. Les résultats mettent en évidence l’importance du paramètre intensité de l’EX sur les taux cérébraux de BDNF. Enfin, selon nos données obtenues, l’irisine et le BDNF musculaires ne semblent pas être impliqués dans l’augmentation cérébrale de BDNF en fonction de l’intensité de l’EX.Physical exercise (EX) is recognized as the most potent non-pharmacological strategy to positively enhance brain health. From Human and animal studies there is a consensus to involve brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a neurotrophin strongly expressed in response to EX and implicated in neuroplasticity mechanisms. Mainly expressed by neurons, BDNF is also expressed by endothelial and muscle cells. Largely sought during a physical effort, endothelium and skeletal muscle could be involved in positive effects induced by EX. Although there is a real consensus about BDNF and cerebral effect of EX, the typology of the better regimen of EX to enhance cerebral plasticity is not known. In this context, objectives of this works were to determine the impact of EX modalities on BDNF protein expression in different territory (brain, endothelium and muscle) and to identify mechanisms related in BDNF increases in response to EX.Our results showed that 1) BDNF expression in peripheral vessels from the same vascular territory (distinct internal diameter) is similar in response to EX, 2) cerebral BDNF increases induced by EX is dependent on EX intensity but not on the type of contraction (eccentric/concentric), 3) memory is restored by high intensity EX, 4) after EX, BDNF muscular expression is unchanged while the precursor of irisine (FNDC5) expression is increased, 5) BDNF expression depends on muscular fibers typology, 6) cerebral beneficial effects of EX intensity is might not be related to muscular irisine production.In conclusion, our data demonstrated that EX positively impact endothelial, cerebral but not muscular BDNF expression. Results highlighted the importance of the intensity parameter of EX on cerebral BDNF levels. Finally, according to our data, irisine and BDNF from the muscle might not be related to the cerebral increases of BDNF induced by EX intensity
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