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The role of sport in the North and South countries
No full textCelem rozprawy doktorskiej jest porównanie roli sportu w państwach Północy i Południa, zmierzające do jego naukowego uprawomocnienia oraz jednoczesnego podkreślenia jego wartości dla badań nad problemem dysproporcji rozwojowych z jednej strony, z drugiej natomiast, do podważenia stereotypowego i powszechnie zaakceptowanego mitu o obojętności sportu, niezmiennie stojącego na drodze uznania go za użyteczny komponent nauk teoretycznych. Ponadto, analiza ma prowadzić do równoległego wykazania bardziej trafnych i aktualnych kryteriów warunkujących dychotomiczny podział świata, które rozszerzone w ramach podjętej komparatystyki na relacje o charakterze sportowym, w większym stopniu mogłyby przyczynić się do obiektywnego opisu rzeczywistości.
Wybór sportu jako wiodącego przedmiotu rozważań jest zatem wynikiem przede wszystkim dostrzeżenia jego potencjału w zakresie badań nad rozwojem. Stanowi jednakże jednoczesną odpowiedź na niedoskonałości kreowanych przez lata podejść metodologicznych, skupionych szczególnie na sferze powiązań o charakterze militarnym, gospodarczym oraz politycznym, które m.in. z uwagi na marginalizację sfery społeczno-kulturowej, nierzadko prowadzą do zniekształcenia obrazu współcześnie obserwowanego, dwubiegunowego porządku międzynarodowego.
Porządek ten – warunkowany istnieniem dość mgliście zarysowanej linii demarkacyjnej oddzielającej wysoko rozwinięte państwa Północy od grupy reprezentantów zubożałego Południa – wyznaczony bowiem został głównie na podstawie wskaźników zakorzenionych w sferze gospodarki, które nie są jednakże na tyle miarodajne, by na ich podstawie rzetelnie zobrazować różnice rozwojowe występujące między aktorami sceny międzynarodowej. Przedstawiona rozprawa ogniskuje się zatem na próbie aktualizacji obecnie stosowanych indeksów wpływających na segmentację państw pod względem rozwoju, a służyć jej ma uzupełnienie interdyscyplinarnego zainteresowania tematyką dysproporcji o niedoceniany dotychczas pierwiastek sportowy. Zmierza ona ponadto do ugruntowania przekonania, iż sport jako przedmiot badań – wbrew przypisywanej mu neutralności i apolityczności – wykazuje cechy, oddające istotę zachwianej równowagi rozwojowej współczesnego świata, gdyż poprzez konsolidację pozornie odrębnych sfer aktywności, umożliwia dokonanie analizy całościowej, często nieosiągalnej na gruncie badań sektorowych.
W związku z powyższym, w rozprawie została postawiona hipoteza, iż sport – jako płaszczyzna wewnętrznej i międzynarodowej aktywności państw – stanowi wypadkową czynników o charakterze politycznym, gospodarczym oraz społeczno-kulturowym, których ścisła zależność od osiągniętego poziomu rozwoju danego podmiotu pozwala twierdzić, że inaczej wykorzystywany jest jego potencjał w obrębie Północy, gdzie postrzegany bywa przede wszystkim w kategoriach wizerunkowo-prestiżowych, a inaczej wśród reprezentantów grupy Południa, spoglądających na sport głównie przez pryzmat propagandy i jego funkcji kompensacyjnej. Celem weryfikacji założenia, przedstawione w pracy rozważania skupiają się zatem głównie na kwestii upolitycznienia sportu, jego walorze dyplomatycznym i związku między ekonomią i technologią a poziomem zaawansowania sportowego państw. Ich dopełnienie stanowi dodatkowo próba omówienia społeczno-kulturowej podbudowy nawiązujących się na tym gruncie relacji.The main purpose of this hearing is to compare the role of sport in North and South countries, aiming at its scientific legitimacy and one the one hand emphasizing its value for research of the problem of development disparities and on the other, to undermine the stereotypical and universally accepted myth of sport indifference, invariably standing on the path of recognition it as a useful component of theoretical sciences. In addition, the analysis is going to lead to a parallel demonstration of more relevant and more recent criteria determining the dichotomous division of the world, which extended in the comparison with sports-related issues could contribute to a more objective description of reality.
Therefore, the choice of sport as a leading subject of deliberations is primarily a result of recognizing its potential for research in development. However, it is a simultaneous response to the shortcomings of methodological approaches developed over the years, focusing in particular on military, economic and political connections, which due to the marginalization of the socio-cultural sphere often lead to the distortion of the image of the contemporary bipolar international order.
This order, conditioned by the existence of a rather vaguely defined demarcation line separating the highly developed North states from the group of the impoverished South, was determined mainly on the basis of indicators rooted in the sphere of the economy, which are not sufficiently reliable to depict the developmental differences occurring between the actors of the international scene. The criteria for hierarchy of entities are subject to gradual succession by using difficult to measure social or cultural factors which reflect the conditionality and specificity of the region to a greater extent. However, due to the sectoral nature of research, they also are not always able to make a fully comprehensive diagnosis of the problem. The dissertation was therefore focused on an attempt to update the currently used indexes that influence the segmentation of states in terms of development by complementing interdisciplinary interest in the subject of disproportion of a sports element – usually underestimated due to its neutrality and relatively apolitical context. The PhD thesis is to strengthen the belief that sport as a subject matter of research exhibits characteristics that reflect the disturbed developmental balance of the modern world and by consolidating seemingly separate spheres of activity enables a holistic analysis often unattainable basis of sector inquiry.
In this the context, the thesis has hypothesized that sport, as a area of internal and international activity of states, is a result of political, economic and socio-cultural factors, which depend on the level of development of a given subject. Accordingly, its potential within the North, where it is perceived primarily in terms of image and prestige, differs from the role its play among the representatives of the South, looking at sport mainly through the prism of propaganda and its compensation function. In order to verify this statement the deliberations of the dissertation are therefore primarily focused on the issue of politicization of sport, its diplomatic value and the relationship between economy and technology and the level of sportsmanship of states. Their complementation is an additional attempt to discuss the socio-cultural underpinning of the relationships
The role of sport in the North and South countries
No full textLink archiwalny https://depotuw.ceon.pl/handle/item/314
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
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koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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