1,720,957 research outputs found
Reconstructing the experiences of child language brokering: a focus on the socio-emotional impact of the practice
No full textThis paper will present the results of semi-structured interviews collected from a sample of eight migrant adolescents between the ages of 11 and 16 years about their perceptions and experiences as child language brokers in Italy. The practice that is defined as Child Language Brokering (CLB) by international literature refers to the interpreting and translation activities carried out by migrant children who is a broker for their peers or family members who do not speak the language of the host country fluently. The main aim of these interviews is to collect information about child language brokering as recalled and perceived by migrant adolescents who still perform this activity, with a focus on their feelings and benefits about the practice. The analysis will show both the predictors of positive feelings and the stressors related to CLB in Italy, an area in which the practice still needs to be deeply explored
Bilingual children acting as language brokers in Italy: Their affective and cognitive attitudes about the practice
No full textAims and objectives: This paper sets out to examine Italian bilingual children’ attitudes about Child Language Brokering (CLB), with a focus on the perceived feelings (affective component of attitudes) and benefits (cognitive component of attitudes) related to CLB. The aim is to study the presence of any relationship between the affective and cognitive components of child language brokers’ attitudes, since they can affect the outcomes of CLB and their analysis can provide tools to reduce the stressors related to it. Methodology: A survey was carried out among 150 immigrant students attending vocational high schools in the Northern and Central regions of Italy. Demographic and linguistic data were processed by means of a descriptive analysis, while attitudinal scales were processed by means of both descriptive and inferential analysis. Findings: The results will show that the child language brokers who perceive stronger positive feelings about CLB also report stronger attitudes towards the benefits of the practice. Originality: Considering the lack of research examining child language brokers’ attitudes in Italy by means of attitude scales, and the lack of attention to the affective and cognitive dimensions of such attitudes, this study addresses this gap by investigating these two dimensions of CLB
Migrant Children’s epistemic authority in paediatric consultations
No full textGiving patients a voice in medical consultations and encouraging patient-centered communication are essential to improving the effectiveness and appropriateness of medical treatments. However, this is often difficult to achieve when patients are children, as pediatricians prefer to interact with parents and need parental consent. Drawing on a corpus of 12 authentic interactions recorded in an Italian diabetes outpatient clinic, this paper investigates the ways in which migrant children exercise agency and how this can be supported by pediatric diabetologists and sometimes by their parents. Adopting a discourse analysis approach, the paper identifies two ways in which children assert their agency by displaying epistemic authority, namely (1) by taking initiatives to trigger talk, and (2) by accepting the floor from other participants. Children’s initiatives are produced that provide information, ask questions and sometimes contradict adults’ utterances. Pediatricians usually support children’s exercise of agency in such cases. Children’s agency can also be promoted when children do not take the floor spontaneously but are encouraged to speak by pediatricians, who invite children to elaborate on their answers by using minimal positive feedback, by asking questions and by formulating and encouraging children’s answers. The findings also show how parents’ competition to take or hold the floor can hamper children’s agency
Problems of children's involvement in interpreter-mediated meetings between their teachers and their parents
Full text linkThis paper focuses on six interpreter-mediated interactions between teachers, migrant parents, and their children in Italian primary schools, a topic that has not yet been widely examined in the literature on public service interpreting. The analysis draws on audio-recorded interpreter-mediated interactions collected in Italy during a European Horizon 2020 project. The paper shows the barriers that exist in engaging children in these interactions. The difficulties observed are varied and more challenging to overcome than those hindering parental involvement. While Childhood Studies shows that the important enhancement of children’s agency in social contexts needs particular non-hierarchical structures of interaction, in the analysed interpreter-mediated interactions the mutual positioning of teachers, parents and mediators does not allow this enhancement. Thus, the involved children stay silent, they provide minimal responses when addressed, they show feelings of distress, and their few initiatives are not supported by the other participants. The paper shows the reasons for the failure of both teachers’ actions and mediators’ coordination to involve children and support their exercise of agency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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