1,721,083 research outputs found
Sistema di controllo intelligente per l'illuminazione controllata mediante sistema BUS: le "smart classroom"
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
La localizzazione della politica nei regimi ibridi dell’Asia meridionale. “Casta” e democrazia in Pakistan
No full textDespite their seemingly different political paths, India and Pakistan have both experienced a shift from the national to the local dimension of politics. The reasons behind this shift are assumed to be of a quite different nature. In the case of India, this evolution is widely connected to the crisis that has affected the Congress since the late 1980s, and, secondly, to the political strategy followed by Indira Gandhi in the 1970s and the early 1980s of disconnecting the traditional links of the party to the regional notables. Both elements contributed to make the Congress increasingly dependent on regional caste/kinship-based political organizations. The similar evolution observed in Pakistan has been explained, in part, with reference to the structural weakness of the mainstream political parties - in particular the Pakistan People Party and the Pakistan Muslim League – and their dependence on kinship and religious structures and hierarchies, and, in part, with the impact of military regimes. The latter would have constantly aimed to depoliticizing society by putting formal and informal obstacles to the activities of the political parties, and reinforced the biradari (extended family/caste) loyalties at the provincial and district level. There is however a relevant difference between the two cases, in so far the role played by castes in India has been since long identified as a factor that favors democratization. A recent analysis has even emphasized a “vernacularization” of democracy (Michelutti 2007). On the contrary, in the Pakistani case, “caste” groups have been identified as an obstacle towards the consolidation of democracy. While in both cases the evolution of the political system seems to emphasize the relevance of political culture for the process of democratization, the result seems to be radically different. The paper will aim to discuss this paradox, through an analysis of the role played by descent groups in the electoral process and the political bargaining in an area of South Western Punjab in Pakistan
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