1,720,962 research outputs found
Combined administration of Newcastle Disease and Avian Metapneumovirus live vaccine to one-day-old turkeys: vaccine interaction and protection against virulent AMPV
No full textThe combined administration of Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) live vaccines in turkey hatcheries is advantageous, but compatibility has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. To investigate any possible interference between the two vaccines, AMPV subtype B live vaccine was given to one-day-old turkeys either alone or in combination with two different ND vaccines of the B1 and VG/GA strains. AMPV and NDV post vaccination shedding and humoral immune response were assessed. Results showed that, following single or combined vaccinations, both AMPV and/or ND vaccine virus were detected in the respiratory tract of all of the birds in all the groups. In addition, birds were protected from virulent AMPV virus challenge and differences in clinical signs between groups vaccinated with AMPV vaccine alone or in combination with ND vaccine were not statistically significant
Profilassi vaccinale della malattia di Newcastle e della Rinotracheite del tacchino: somministrazione simultanea di vaccini vivi ad un giorno di vita
No full textPer la Malattia di Newcastle (ND) e la Rinotracheite del tacchino (TRT), vaccini vivi attenuati vengono comunemente somministrati nei primi giorni di vita ad almeno una settimana di distanza l’uno dall’altro per il timore che si verifichino interferenze tra virus vaccinali. La possibilità di associare in incubatoio tali interventi avrebbe numerosi vantaggi sia di ordine pratico, che economico e sanitario. In quest’ottica diventa fondamentale assicurarsi che non ci siano interferenze negative tali da compromettere l'efficacia delle vaccinazioni o addirittura causare effetti patologici indesiderati.
L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è stato valutare, in condizioni sperimentali, l'interferenza fra due diversi ceppi vaccinali di NDV e uno di Metapneumovirus aviare (AMPV), agente della TRT, somministrati nel tacchino in associazione ad un giorno di vita, secondo un possibile schema vaccinale praticabile in incubatoio
SVILUPPO E APPLICAZIONE DI TEST DIAGNOSTICI MOLECOLARI PER L’IDENTIFICAZIONE E LA CARATTERIZZAZIONE DEI VIRUS DELLA MALATTIA DI MAREK CIRCOLANTI IN ITALIA
No full textMarek's disease (MD) is one of the most common lymphoproliferative diseases of chickens which causes mononuclear infiltration of different tissues and organs, such as peripheral nerves, gonad, viscera, muscle and skin. It is caused by an Alphaherpesvirus, called MDV or Gallid Herpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2). Although it has been studied in all its aspects from the early ‘60s and vaccines are now used all over the world, many issues remain unresolved due to the complexity of the disease. In order to activate specific surveys in the field, the IZSVe has developed a series of molecular diagnostic methods for the MD. The development of these tests makes a rapid and robust diagnosis possible, allowing to distinguish the vaccine strains from those pathogens and to identify the pathotype in a short time. Samples from backyard farms, samples (environmental dust, feathers, spleens and livers) taken from an industrial flock of breeders in the first months of life, as well as samples from clinical cases of particular interest were analysed for validation of the methods.
The data obtained so far confirm the high presence of Marek's disease in rural farms. The low number of outbreaks in industrial flocks lead us to believe that currently used chicken genetic lines and the vaccinations adopted are in most cases appropriate to counter the circulating viruses, which have mostly a medium-low pathogenic power. The detection of pathogenic viruses in the environment, even in farms with high standards of biosecurity which undergo intensive cleaning and disinfection cycles, highlights the importance of proper vaccination practices
Vaccine interaction and protection against virulent Avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV) challenge after combined administration of Newcastle disease and AMPV live vaccine sto one-day old turkeys
No full textThe combined administration of Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) live vaccines in turkey hatcheries is advantageous, but compatibility has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. To investigate any possible interference between the two vaccines, AMPV subtype B live vaccine strain VCO3 was given to one-day old turkeys either alone or in combination with two different ND vaccines of the B1 and VG/GA strains. AMPV and NDV post-vaccination shedding and humoral immune response were assessed. Birds were protected from virulent AMPV challenge and differences in clinical signs between groups vaccinated with AMPV vaccine alone or in combination with ND vaccines were not statistically significant. Furthermore there were not interference in vaccines replication in the respiratory tract. Further studies are required to understand if protection after NDV challenge is affected by NDV and AMPV combined vaccination
Combined Administration of Newcastle Disease and Avian Metapneumovirus Live Vaccines to one-day-old Turkeys: Vaccine Interaction and Protection against Virulent AMPV
No full textThe combined administration of Newcastle Disease (ND) and Avian metapneumovirus (AMPV) live vaccines in turkey hatcheries is advantageous, but compatibility has not yet been experimentally demonstrated. To investigate any possible interference between the two vaccines, AMPV subtype B live vaccine was given to one-day-old turkeys either alone or in combination with two different ND vaccines of the B1 and VG/GA strains. AMPV and NDV post vaccination shedding and humoral immune response were assessed. Results showed that, following single or combined vaccinations, both AMPV and/or ND vaccine virus were detected in the respiratory tract of all of the birds in all the groups. In addition, birds were protected from virulent AMPV virus challenge and differences in clinical signs between groups vaccinated with AMPV vaccine alone or in combination with ND vaccine were not statistically significant
Interazione tra vaccini vivi per la profilassi della rinotracheite del tacchino e della malattia di Newcastle somministrati in associazione ad un giorno di vita nel tacchino.
No full textThe combined administration of Newcastle Disease (ND) and avian Metapneumovirus (AMPV) live vaccines in turkey hatcheries is advantageous, but compatibility has not yet been demonstrated experimentally. To investigate any possible interference between the two vaccines, AMPV subtype B live vaccine was given to one-day-old turkeys either alone or in combination with two different ND vaccine strains (B1 and VG/GA). AMPV and NDV post vaccination shedding and humoral immune response were assessed. Results showed that following single or combined vaccinations both AMPV and/or ND vaccine virus was detected in the respiratory tract of all of the birds in all groups. In addition, birds were protected from virulent AMPV virus challenge and differences in clinical signs between groups vaccinated with AMPV vaccine alone or in combination with ND vaccine were not statistically significant
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Profilasssi vaccinale della malattia di Newcastle e della Rinotracheite del tacchino: somministrazione simultanea di vaccini vivi ad un giorno di vita.
No full textPer la Malattia di Newcastle (ND) e la Rinotracheite del tacchino (TRT), vaccini vivi attenuati vengono comunemente somministrati nei primi giorni di vita ad almeno una settimana di distanza l’uno dall’altro per il timore che si verifichino interferenze tra virus vaccinali. La possibilità di associare in incubatoio tali interventi avrebbe numerosi vantaggi sia di ordine pratico, che economico e sanitario. In quest’ottica diventa fondamentale assicurarsi che non ci siano interferenze negative tali da compromettere l'efficacia delle vaccinazioni o addirittura causare effetti patologici indesiderati.
L’obiettivo del presente lavoro è stato valutare, in condizioni sperimentali, l'interferenza fra due diversi ceppi vaccinali di NDV e uno di Metapneumovirus aviare (AMPV), agente della TRT, somministrati nel tacchino in associazione ad un giorno di vita, secondo un possibile schema vaccinale praticabile in incubatoio.
La prova è stata eseguita in condizioni di isolamento biologico in isolatori per pollame. Ottanta tacchinotti commerciali sono stati suddivisi in gruppi e vaccinati al primo giorno di vita per AMPV col ceppo VCO3, e per NDV con i ceppi B1 o VG/GA, somministrati singolarmente o in associazione (VCO3 + B1 o VCO3+VG/GA).
Nei 30 giorni successivi, ad intervalli stabiliti, è stata valutata l’eliminazione respiratoria dei virus vaccinali mediante real time RT-PCR, e la risposta anticorpale umorale per NDV ed AMPV, mediante inibizione dell’emoagglutinazione ed ELISA, rispettivamente. Infine, parte dei soggetti vaccinati per AMPV, singolarmente o in associazione, sono stati infettati sperimentalmente con AMPV allo scopo di valutare la protezione immunitaria mediante misurazione della sintomatologia clinica.
I risultati ottenuti permettono di concludere che la somministrazione al tacchino di un giorno di vita di vaccino vivo attenuato AMPV ceppo VC03, in associazione con i vaccini vivi NDV sia ceppo B1 sia ceppo VG/GA, conferisce protezione al challenge con AMPV sovrapponibile a quella evocata dal vaccino somministrato singolarmente, e non determina interferenze negative sulla replicazione dei virus vaccinali a livello respiratorio e sulla risposta immunitaria umorale.
Resta da verificare se la protezione nei riguardi di NDV a seguito di vaccinazione combinata sia sovrapponibile a quella ottenibile con la vaccinazione singola
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