1,720,958 research outputs found
Effects of inaccurate electrode positioning in subsurface resistivity measurements for archeological purposes
No full textElectrical Resistivity Tomography is a geophysical measurement technique used to measure the resistivity of the subsoil. For archeological applications the ability to accurately reconstruct the soil stratigraphy is a fundamental requirement. Obtain a reliable subsoil reconstruction is an important topic in order to improve the design of the archeological excavation and, at the same time, to minimize the excavation cost, managing effectively and efficiently the archeological survey. During a measurement campaign on the Etruscan tumulus located in Poggio Pepe (Italy), the electrode GPS coordinates were acquired with a high error. For this reason, the aim of this work is to investigate the effects of the inaccurate electrode positioning in the subsoil reconstruction. A Monte Carlo simulation-based approach was proposed to simulate a domain of possible electrodes positions.
The statistical parameters of the simulated dataset have been studied and compared with the measurement acquisitions in order to highlight the effects of such errors. Finally, the paper presents a comparison between the images of the subsoil reconstruction in case of measured resistivity and simulated dataset
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Integrierte hydrologische und hydrogeologische Modellierung für die Subsidenzanalyse im Becken
Full text linkLand subsidence, together with landslides and floods, represents one of the main natural hazards that affect several countries all over the world, potentially causing significant damages to buildings and infrastructures. In particular, Firenze-Prato-Pistoia basin has a long experience of ground deformation related to groundwater withdrawal. InSAR satellite data collected since 1992 have revealed the presence of several subsiding areas in the basin, such as the south-eastern portion of Pistoia city. Sentinel-1 persistent scatterer interferometry measurements for 2015–2018 confirmed the long-term subsidence of this area, associated with intense horticulture (plant nurseries). At the same time, Sentinel-1 data revealed the unexpected movement of Pistoia historic center, which has always been considered stable in the past. To identify the complex relationship between aquifer conditions and ground displacement, a hydrogeologic model of the Pistoia aquifers was developed, applying an integrated modelling procedure. This approach was firstly tested in a small pilot basin, to confirm the reliability of the numerical procedure, obtaining promising results. Hydrodynamic-parameter distributions, calibrated and validated by means of Sentinel-1 PSI measurements, suggest that subsidence in Pistoia area is probably related with the combined impacts of groundwater extraction and highly compressible aquitards. To evaluate the potential evolution of ground displacement, numerical simulations were extended until 2050, using regional and global climate model data, analyzing three different pumping-rate scenarios. This, together with damage information of buildings collected on the field, led to the development of several subsidence hazard maps of Pistoia city that display the influence of groundwater extraction in controlling land subsidence in the area. The present study enhances the importance of developing proper groundwater management policies, especially in alluvial aquifers made of fine compressible sediments, in order to sustainably utilize underground freshwater resources and to avoid related side effects. It also emphasizes the role of integrated numerical simulations and the necessity to consider surficial network and groundwater as a unique interacting system, when developing basin scale hydrogeologic analysis.Landabsenkungen stellen eine der wichtigsten Naturgefahren dar, die mehrere Länder auf der Welt betreffen und möglicherweise Schäden an Gebäuden und Infrastruktur verursachen. Das Firenze-Prato-Pistoia-Becken verfügt über langjährige Erfahrung mit Bodenverformungen im Zusammenhang mit der Grundwasserentnahme. InSAR-Satellitendaten, die seit 1992 gesammelt wurden, haben gezeigt, dass im Becken mehrere Absenkungsgebiete vorhanden sind, beispielsweise der südöstliche Teil der Stadt Pistoia. Sentinel-1-Messungen für den Zeitraum 2015–2018 bestätigten die langfristige Absenkung dieses Gebiets, die mit einem intensiven Gartenbau verbunden ist. Gleichzeitig enthüllten Sentinel-1-Daten die unerwartete Bewegung des Zentrums von Pistoia, das in der Vergangenheit immer als stabil angesehen wurde. Um die Beziehung zwischen den Bedingungen des Grundwasserleiters und der Bodenverschiebung zu identifizieren, wurde ein hydrogeologisches Modell der Pistoia-Grundwasserleiter unter Anwendung eines integrierten Modellierungsverfahrens entwickelt. Dieser Ansatz wurde zunächst in einem Pilotbecken getestet, um die Zuverlässigkeit des Verfahrens zu bestätigen und vielversprechende Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Hydrodynamische Parameterverteilungen, die mithilfe von Sentinel-1-Messungen kalibriert und validiert wurden, legen nahe, dass das Absinken im Gebiet von Pistoia wahrscheinlich mit den kombinierten Auswirkungen der Grundwassergewinnung und hochkomprimierbarer Aquitards zusammenhängt. Um die mögliche Entwicklung der Bodenverschiebung zu bewerten, wurden Simulationen bis 2050 erweitert, wobei prädiktive Klimamodelldaten verwendet und drei verschiedene Pumpraten-Szenarien analysiert wurden. Dies führte zusammen mit Schadensinformationen von Gebäuden zur Entwicklung mehrerer Karten der Senkungsgefahr der Stadt Pistoia, die den Einfluss der Grundwassergewinnung auf die Kontrolle der Bodensenkung in der Region zeigen. Die vorliegende Studie unterstreicht die Bedeutung einer angemessenen Grundwassermanagementpolitik, insbesondere bei Schwemmlandgrundwasserleitern aus feinen komprimierbaren Sedimenten, um die unterirdischen Süßwasserressourcen nachhaltig zu nutzen und damit verbundene Nebenwirkungen zu vermeiden. Es unterstreicht auch die Rolle integrierter numerischer Simulationen und die Notwendigkeit, das Oberflächennetz und das Grundwasser als ein einzigartiges Wechselwirkungssystem zu betrachten, wenn hydrogologische Analysen im Beckenmaßstab entwickelt werden
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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