2,375 research outputs found
Executive function and pre-academic skills in preschoolers from South Africa
No full textBackground: While there is now considerable evidence in support of a relationship between executive function (EF) and academic success, these findings almost uniformly derive from Western and high-income countries. Yet, recent findings from low- to -middle-income countries have suggested that patterns of EF and academic skills differ in these contexts, but there is little clarity on the extent, direction and nature of their association.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the contribution of EF to pre-academic skills in a sample of preschool children (N = 124; Mage = 50.91 months; 45% female).Setting: Two preschools were recruited from an urban setting in a community with both formal and informal housing, overcrowding, high levels of crime and violence, and poor service delivery. Three preschools were recruited from rural communities with household plots, a slow rate of infrastructure development, reliance on open fires for cooking, limited access to running water and rudimentary sanitation.Methods: Pre-academic skills were assessed using the Herbst Early Childhood Development Criteria test, and EF was assessed using the Early Years Toolbox.Results: Although EF scores appeared high and pre-academic skills were low (in norm comparisons), EF inhibition (ß = 0.23, p = 0.001) and working memory (ß = 0.25, p < 0.001) nevertheless showed strong prediction of pre-academic skills while shifting was not significant.Conclusion: While EF is an important predictor of pre-academic skills even in this low- and middle-income country context, factors in addition to EF may be equally important targets to foster school readiness in these settings.Contribution: The current study represents a first step towards an understanding of the current strengths that can be leveraged, and opportunities for additional development, in the service of preparing all children for the demands of school
A chart of part of the south coast of Newfoundland [cartographic material] : includingthe islands St. Peters and Miquelon, from an actual survey /
No full textDetailed chart of part of the Newfoundland, Canadian coast with relief shown by hachures and bathymetric soundings.; "Scale to the general chart English and French leagues 20 to a degree"; Accompanied by booklet: Directions for navigating on part of the south coast of Newfoundland, with a chart thereof, including the islands of St. Peter's and Miquelon ... / by James Cook. London : Printed for the author, and sold by J.Mount and T. Page on Tower-Hill, 1766. 32 p. : 24 cm.; Insets: Harbours of St. Laurence; Harbour [of] Briton.; Also available in an electronic version via the Internet at: http://nla.gov.au/nla.map-rm423
Cross-sectional associations between mental health indicators and social vulnerability, with physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep in urban African young women
No full textBACKGROUND: Relationships between mental health and multiple health behaviours have not been explored in young South African women experiencing social constraints. The aim of this study was to identify associations between mental health indicators and risk factors with physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, amongst young women living in Soweto, a predominantly low-income, urban South African setting. METHODS: For this cross-sectional study, baseline measurements for participants (n = 1719, 18.0–25.9 years old) recruited for the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative were used including: physical activity, sedentary behaviour (sitting, screen and television time), sleep (duration and quality), depression and anxiety indicators, emotional health, adverse childhood experiences, alcohol-use risk; social vulnerability, self-efficacy, and social support. RESULTS: Multiple regression analyses showed that depression (β = 0.161, p < 0.001), anxiety (β = 0.126, p = 0.001), adverse childhood experiences (β = 0.076, p = 0.014), and alcohol-use risk (β = 0.089, p = 0.002) were associated with poor quality sleep. Alcohol-use risk was associated with more screen time (β = 0.105, p < 0.001) and television time (β = 0.075, p < 0.016). Social vulnerability was associated with lower sitting time (β = − 0.187, p < 0001) and screen time (β = − 0.014, p < 0.001). Higher self-efficacy was associated with more moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (β = 0.07, p = 0.036), better-quality sleep (β = − 0.069, p = 0.020) and less television time (β = − 0.079, p = 0.012). Having no family support was associated with more sitting time (β = 0.075, p = 0.022). Binomial logistic regression analyses supported these findings regarding sleep quality, with anxiety and depression risk doubling the risk of poor-quality sleep (OR = 2.425, p < 0.001, OR = 2.036, p = 0.003 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: These findings contribute to our understanding of how mental health indicators and risk factors can be barriers to health behaviours of young women in Soweto, and that self-efficacy and social support can be protective for certain of these behaviours for these women. Our results highlight the uniqueness of this setting regarding associations between mental health and behaviours associated with non-communicable diseases risk. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12966-022-01325-w
Where Participatory Approaches Meet Pragmatism in Funded (Health) Research: The Challenge of Finding Meaningful Spaces
No full textThe term participatory research is now widely used as a way of categorising research that has moved beyond researching "on" to researching "with" participants. This paper draws attention to some confusions that lie behind such categorisation and the potential impact of those confusions on qualitative participatory research in practice. It illuminates some of the negative effects of "fitting in" to spaces devised by other types of research and highlights the importance of forging spaces for presenting participatory research designs that suit a discursive approach and that allow the quality and impact of such research to be recognised. The main contention is that the adoption of a variety of approaches and purposes is part of the strength of participatory research but that to date the paradigm has not been sufficiently articulated. Clarifying the unifying features of the participatory paradigm and shaping appropriate ways for critique could support the embedding of participatory research into research environments, funding schemes and administration in a way that better reflects the nature and purpose of authentic involvement
Xystodesmidae Cook 1895
No full textFamily Xystodesmidae Cook, 1895 <p> <b>Subfamily Xystodesminae Cook, 1895</b></p> <p> <b>Tribe Xystocheirini Hoffman, 1980</b></p> <p> Hoffman (1999) mistakenly attributed tribal authorship to Cook without a date, perhaps because he confused this name with Xystodesmidae /inae, which Cook (1895) did author, or because Cook (1904) subsequently authored the genus. However, the first usage of <i>Xystocheir</i> at the family-group level was by Hoffman (1980), as he then noted, and authorship is properly attributed to him.</p>Published as part of <i>Shelley, Rowland M., Smith, Jamie M. & Ross, Deren J., 2014, Variation and pigmentation in the milliped, Xystocheir brachymacris Shelley, 1996, from the northern Sierra Nevada foothills, California, USA (Polydesmida: Xystodesmidae: Xystocheirini), pp. 1-6 in Insecta Mundi 2014 (371)</i> on page 2, DOI: <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5179327">10.5281/zenodo.5179327</a>
COOK, George
No full textTitle: Papers, 1855-1931 Description: .5 linear ft.
Notes: Author, educator. Includes correspondence, manuscripts, addresses, biographical sketches, memorials, photographs, a scrapbook and a song composed by William Weston Patton, President of Howard University. Gift, 1958.
Subjects: Business; Education; Washington (DC). Childers, Lulu V. Du Bois, W. E. B. (William Edward Burghardt), 1868-1963; As correspondent Funeral rites and ceremonies; Cook, George William Howard University; Administration Howard University; Faculty; Cook, George William Howard University; Presidents; Patton, William Weston Howard University; Students; Cook, George William Howard University, Washington (DC); Faculty members\u27 papers Howard University, Washington (DC); School of Commerce and Finance Patton, William Weston Roosevelt, Theodore, 1858-1919; As correspondent Spingarn, J. E. (Joel Elias), 1875-1939 Tunnell, W. V. White, Walter F. (Walter Francis), 1893-1955; As correspondent Wilkinson, F. D. Woodson, Carter G. (Carter Godwin), 1875-1950
Location: Howard University, Moorland-Spingarn Research Center (Washington, DC) NIDS Fiche #: 4.72.22 NUCMC Number: MS 83-122
Adaptive sampling in two-phase designs: a biomarker study for progression in arthritis
No full textResponse‐dependent two‐phase designs are used increasingly often in epidemiological studies to ensure sampling strategies offer good statistical efficiency while working within resource constraints. Optimal response‐dependent two‐phase designs are difficult to implement, however, as they require specification of unknown parameters. We propose adaptive two‐phase designs that exploit information from an internal pilot study to approximate the optimal sampling scheme for an analysis based on mean score estimating equations. The frequency properties of estimators arising from this design are assessed through simulation, and they are shown to be similar to those from optimal designs. The design procedure is then illustrated through application to a motivating biomarker study in an ongoing rheumatology research program.
This is the peer-reviewed version of the following article: McIsaac, M. A., & Cook, R. J. (2015). Adaptive sampling in two-phase designs: a biomarker study for progression in arthritis. Statistics In Medicine, 34(21), 2899-2912. doi:10.1002/sim.6523, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/sim.6523. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Version
The flirt, polka characteristique
No full textMis E.H. of Baltimore; Miss M.W. of Phila.; Miss P.W.M. of New Orleans; Miss A.L. of Boston; Miss L.P. of New YorkJohns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
100, Item 083Cover is duplicated in 100.085.
Music is duplicated in 100.085.pianopolkaCover is duplicated in 100.080.
Music is duplicated in 100.080.Lith. of Sarony Major & Knapp N.Y.Composed by T.J. Cook, "author of the popular Three & Four Bell's [sic] Polka's [sic].
The flirt, polka characteristique
No full textMis E.H. of Baltimore; Miss M.W. of Phila.; Miss P.W.M. of New Orleans; Miss A.L. of Boston; Miss L.P. of New YorkJohns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
100, Item 083Cover is duplicated in 100.085.
Music is duplicated in 100.085.pianopolkaCover is duplicated in 100.080.
Music is duplicated in 100.080.Lith. of Sarony Major & Knapp N.Y.Composed by T.J. Cook, "author of the popular Three & Four Bell's [sic] Polka's [sic].
Five belles polka
No full textMis E.H. of Baltimore; Miss M.W. of Phila.; Miss P.W.M. of New Orleans; Miss A.L. of Boston; Miss L.P. of New YorkJohns Hopkins University, Levy Sheet Music Collection, Box
100, Item 082Cover is duplicated in 100.085.
Music is duplicated in 100.085.pianopolkaCover is duplicated in 100.080.
Music is duplicated in 100.080.Lith. of Sarony Major & Knapp N.Y.Composed by T.J. Cook, "author of the popular Three & Four Bell's [sic] Polka's [sic].
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