1,720,973 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Value Sensitive Design of Unmanned Aerial Systems
No full textHow can engineers create drones that will benefit society? The potential impacts of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or ”drones”, could range from enhancing human health, welfare, and safety, to facilitating mass surveillance and causing widespread unemployment. This thesis addresses some of the changes that the technology could facilitate - and how to design drones that lead to more beneficial outcomes. Value Sensitive Design (VSD), a well-established methodology for the proactive and systematic incorporation of human values into technology design, is identified as a useful approach to doing so. VSD is based on the premise that technology is not ethically neutral, and therefore, that ethics and human values must be considered in technology design. VSD includes three inter-related phases: 1. a conceptual phase that considers human values and impacted stakeholders, 2. an empirical phase which considers the social impacts of the technology, and 3. a technological phase which determines the design requirements that will support the desired human values. This work contributes to the conceptual, empirical, and technological phases of the value sensitive design of drones, and is the first known application where VSD is explicitly used to design, build, and test real drone prototypes. Two case studies are utilized: 1. that of a humanitarian cargo drone operated in the Amazon region of Peru, and 2. that of a blood sample transportation drone to be used in Denmark. This thesis contributes to the conceptual phase of VSD by developing an ethical framework for the design of drones used in public healthcare contexts, such as Denmark. The framework is an applied ethics tool which enhances VSD and eases the conceptual phase for drone engineers. It also develops the applied ethics tool of capability caution - including five design principles - to complement VSD and address some of the risk’s drones pose. This thesis contributes to the empirical phase of VSD by generating early primary data - solicited from the general public - on how drones should be designed to enhance explicability i.e. their accountability and intelligibility. Finally, this thesis contributes to the technological phase of VSD by developing, building, and testing drone designs that better support stakeholders’ values. All of these contributions are aimed at making it easier for engineers to consider ethics during drone development. This can lead to designs which represent new solutions to moral dilemmas, and allow the creation of win-win situations. Ultimately, the aim is drones developed with society, that will benefit society
Value Sensitive Design of Unmanned Aerial Systems
No full textHow can engineers create drones that will benefit society? The potential impacts of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), or ”drones”, could range from enhancing human health, welfare, and safety, to facilitating mass surveillance and causing widespread unemployment. This thesis addresses some of the changes that the technology could facilitate - and how to design drones that lead to more beneficial outcomes. Value Sensitive Design (VSD), a well-established methodology for the proactive and systematic incorporation of human values into technology design, is identified as a useful approach to doing so. VSD is based on the premise that technology is not ethically neutral, and therefore, that ethics and human values must be considered in technology design. VSD includes three inter-related phases: 1. a conceptual phase that considers human values and impacted stakeholders, 2. an empirical phase which considers the social impacts of the technology, and 3. a technological phase which determines the design requirements that will support the desired human values. This work contributes to the conceptual, empirical, and technological phases of the value sensitive design of drones, and is the first known application where VSD is explicitly used to design, build, and test real drone prototypes. Two case studies are utilized: 1. that of a humanitarian cargo drone operated in the Amazon region of Peru, and 2. that of a blood sample transportation drone to be used in Denmark. This thesis contributes to the conceptual phase of VSD by developing an ethical framework for the design of drones used in public healthcare contexts, such as Denmark. The framework is an applied ethics tool which enhances VSD and eases the conceptual phase for drone engineers. It also develops the applied ethics tool of capability caution - including five design principles - to complement VSD and address some of the risk’s drones pose. This thesis contributes to the empirical phase of VSD by generating early primary data - solicited from the general public - on how drones should be designed to enhance explicability i.e. their accountability and intelligibility. Finally, this thesis contributes to the technological phase of VSD by developing, building, and testing drone designs that better support stakeholders’ values. All of these contributions are aimed at making it easier for engineers to consider ethics during drone development. This can lead to designs which represent new solutions to moral dilemmas, and allow the creation of win-win situations. Ultimately, the aim is drones developed with society, that will benefit society
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Practical student activation strategies and activities in engineering education
Get PDFKeywords - student activation, engagement, active learning, hands-on learning, e-learning Please indicate clearly the type of contribution you are submitting: poster I BACKGROUND Bachelor-level engineering courses at the University of Southern Denmark typically consist of one, 3.5- hour class session per week. This format offers advantages and challenges: there is time to go deep into complex topics, but it can be difficult to keep students activated during the entire class period. Research question: which practical student activation strategies and activities are most effective in maintaining student engagement throughout a 3.5-hour class session? This research question has been tested in the context of various engineering courses, including: Composite Materials and Manufacturing, Materials and Processes 2, Product Development and Innovation 3. II EXPLANATION These strategies and activities are designed to contribute directly to active students. Several activities from Activating Strategies for Use in the Classroom (Lewis & Thompson, 2010) are utilized. III SET-UP Activation strategy means planning classroom activities so students will be engaged and stay engaged. Strategies tested included switching media types every 15 minutes (lecture, video clips, hands-on learning etc.), utilizing short in-class assignments (‘think-pair-share’), and getting out of the classroom (visits to companies, as well as other organizations and faculties on-campus). Activation activities tested included the use of video clips, hands-on learning, company visits, ‘think-pairshare’, the ‘alphabet game’, ‘how do you…’, and the ‘illustration/cartoon’ game. IV OUTCOMES/RESULTS All of the activation strategies have performed well, based on student feedback and student performance. The best activation activities are the use of video clips, company visits, and the ‘think-pair-share’ method for in-class assignments and discussions. In one class utilizing these techniques, 95% of students rated the course positive or highly positive, and had the following comments: ‘…even though the classes last for four hours his teaching method is very dynamic so students don't lose focus on the lecture.’ 'Good teaching, good videos that help understanding' ‘I think the course is nicely divided into teaching and hands-on. I like the opportunity to visit companies and the way the course i structured so group work can be done in class time.
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