1,720,971 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Using intermittent fasting and a ketogenic diet to improve nutritional and clinical outcomes in long-stay, hospitalised canine spinal patients : a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Massey University, Manawatū, New Zealand
No full textAppendix III is republished under a Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY): Leung YB, Cave NJ, Heiser A, Edwards PJB, Godfrey AJR and Wester T (2020) Metabolic and Immunological Effects of Intermittent Fasting on a Ketogenic Diet Containing Medium-Chain Triglycerides in Healthy Dogs. Front. Vet. Sci. 6:480. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2019.00480A high prevalence of malnutrition occurs in human hospitals and has been associated with detrimental consequences. By comparison, very little is known in veterinary patients. Additionally, while underfeeding can lead to poorer outcomes, overfeeding hospital patients also causes negative effects, to the extent that purposeful caloric restriction has been touted as an ideal feeding regimen. Both caloric restriction and intermittent fasting (IF) have gained interest as therapeutic feeding regimens for several diseases, including neuronal injury.
The aim of this thesis was to explore hospital nutrition and IF in dogs. Firstly, the prevalence of malnutrition and body composition changes were determined in long- stay hospitalised patients. Results showed that most patients lost weight during hospitalisation, mainly from muscle. Additionally, body and muscle condition scoring did not accurately measure changes in composition, particularly in lean dogs. So predictive equations of body composition using morphometry in lean dogs were created. While feasible, it was discovered that breed-specific equations are needed, limiting its use.
Then, the metabolic and immunological effects of IF in healthy dogs were examined. Results showed that IF on a high-fat (HF) diet increased blood ketones and decreased leptin and ghrelin concentration. Also, a reduction in immunity occurred when the dogs were fasted after eating the low-fat diet, but not with the HF diet. Furthermore, ketone kinetics indicated that increasing the fasting duration from 24 to 48 hours caused highly variable responses amongst the dogs. Therefore, the beneficial effects of IF may be dependent on the individual. Finally, an IF regimen using a HF diet was applied in hospitalised dogs recovering from spinal injury. Results showed that the regimen was practical and reduced body weight loss. Also, higher fasted ketone concentrations were associated with shorter hospital durations in dogs that lost more weight.
In summary, long-stay hospitalised dogs lose a substantial amount of muscle. Also, a HF diet fed intermittently can increase ketone concentrations and may benefit patients with spinal cord injury. However, more work is needed to better understand what influences the variation in ketogenesis and utilisation in healthy and diseased dogs, and test the effects in a larger study population
Physiological effects of dietary moisture in cats (Felis catus) : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
No full textThere is no system in the mammalian body that does not depend on water. Water is an essential nutrient and comprises approximately two thirds of a domestic cat’s body weight. It is recommended that sufficient water is provided to domestic cats to allow self-regulation of intake, encompassing both voluntary drinking and intake of dietary moisture. Understanding the role of dietary moisture in health and disease in domestic cats, however, has thus far been neglected, and any physiological differences between cats consuming either high moisture (HM) or low moisture (LM) diets, have been assumed unimportant. Therefore, to fill this gap in the literature this thesis investigates the effects of consuming HM and LM diets in healthy cats and cats diagnosed with chronic kidney disease.
By feeding cats diets which were created to differ in dietary moisture content only, this work aimed to determine if single or multiple meal feeding of a LM food influenced total water intake (TWI), urine concentration and pH, plasma osmolality (POsm), blood pressure (BP), water balance, and activity in cats when compared to free access HM food feeding (Chapters 2 and 3). Then the effect of a single meal and a single simulated meal on post-prandial BP and heart rate using the same diets was investigated (Chapter 4). Further, using these diets, the molecular weight distribution of urinary proteins was quantified and described (Chapter 6), and the effects of a meal on post-prandial vasopressin (VP) and copeptin concentrations were investigated (Chapter 7). Lastly the diets were used to compare the effects of consuming a HM and LM diet on urine concentration and pH, POsm, plasma VP, and BP, in cats recently diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (Chapter 8). Additionally, due to the difficult and inaccurate nature of VP hormone analysis, several alternative methods to quantitate the VP proxy copeptin were investigated, however these were unsuccessful (Chapter 5).
It was found that TWI and output were significantly lower when healthy cats were fed LM diets compared to HM diets and increasing meal frequency of LM diets did not increase TWI. This difference in TWI did not result in a difference in BP or total urinary protein content. However, lower TWI did lead to a decrease in water turnover rate, and increased urine concentration, POsm, and plasma VP levels. Therefore, varying dietary moisture has meaningful physiological effects in the cat. In addition, the results may indicate increasing adverse effects on health when TWI is low, with particularly detrimental effects to the kidney. Furthermore, there were modest indications that additional adverse effects such as increasing urine protein to creatinine ratio appeared when older cats were fed LM diets. Therefore, it is proposed that the role of dietary moisture is significant for the health of domestic cats, especially as they age, and that primarily feeding a LM diet and allowing self-regulation of water intake through voluntary drinking does potentially not secure a high enough TWI for their long-term health. Feeding a HM diet ensures a high TWI, which may have clinical implications for rehydration of ill cats, especially in cats diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, and potentially may even prevent or delay progression of disease in healthy cats. Feeding a HM diet should primarily be considered when a greater water intake is required to counter dehydration, or in the treatment of diseases that benefit from an increase in water intake
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
