1,720,967 research outputs found
Bone Scan for Baseline Staging in Invasive Breast Cancer at the Time of Primary Presentation
No full textTechnetium-labeled methylene diphosphonate bone scan (BS) is the most commonly used imaging test to screen for skeletal metastases in patients with breast cancer. Since its introduction into clinical practice, a large number of studies have been conducted to explore the role of BS in the baseline staging work-up at the time of breast cancer diagnosis. Even though the policy of offering preoperative or perioperative BS is still widely diffuse, a lot of evidence in the literature suggests that routine BS examinations are not cost-effective and should be recommended in selected cases only. Based on current guidelines, the use of BS as a staging procedure is considered appropriate in patients with a high pre-test probability (prevalence) of bone metastases. This category is represented by patients with newly diagnosed high-risk breast cancer (i.e. pN2 or T4/pT4) or with symptoms or laboratory signs suspicious for bone involvemen
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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