1,721,120 research outputs found
L'esodo istriano nella storiografia e nel dibattito pubblico in Italia, Slovenia e Croazia: 1991-2006
No full textIstante, presente ed attuale: ipotesi per una temporalità 'psichica' in Platone e Aristotele
No full textSustainability of prevention practices at the workplace: safety, simplification, productivity and effectiveness
Full text linkIl lavoro subordinato full-time, prevalente tipologia del passato, oggi è mutato in variegate forme di lavoro e sono comparse nuove tipologie organizzative di produzione. Concorrono rischi in precedenza sottovalutati come gli incidenti stradali in itinere, le discrasie dell’organizzazione del lavoro e gli errati stili di vita (come il consumo di alcol e di sostanze d’abuso che recenti statistiche avrebbero mostrato comunque essere in calo nei consumi). Lo scenario globale fa intravedere maggiore attenzione ai rischi, ma anche ai casi di ridotta tutela. Inoltre, i costi elevati, gli infortuni mortali (a livello ancora non accettabile in molti settori), l’elevata complessità
“globale” del sistema prevenzione, l’assenza di preformazione scolastica, l’inadeguata vigilanza (pur con numerosi organi autonomi), l’obsolescenza di alcuni precetti, impongono ormai una verifica dell’impianto normativo. Questo si rende particolarmente necessario anche per quanto riguarda le istanze di semplificazione, le istituzioni di asseverazione, i continui rimandi nei testi di legge alle disposizioni che rendono difficile la lettura e la comprensione delle norme a lavoratori, italiani e stranieri, “senza interpreti giuridici”. Si registrano anche “nuove” malattie professionali e agenti causali professionali che si aggiungono ai fattori di inquinamento. Ci sono preoccupazioni per la continua destabilizzazione economica e sociale, cassa integrazione, pendolarismo, temporaneità, precarietà, che concorrono alla determinazione di stati di disagio. Si dovrebbero allora monitorare con accuratezza i tempi e le modalità della formazione, rendere appetibili le misure di prevenzione valutandone costi e benefici e utilizzando in modo diffuso indicatori che rendano “visibili” e parametrabili i processi virtuosi di promozione della salute, cosi come conoscenza e pianificazione dei costi dei programmi di prevenzione ed i corretti effetti. Se indebolire le attività di prevenzione non è mai giustificato, la prevenzione deve pur sempre essere “sostenibile” nel contesto economico evitando sprechi di risorse. È necessario anche agire sull’etica degli operatori e
rendere efficaci gli interventi, omogenizzando le norme sullo standard operativo ed interpretativo di altri paesi europei che operano con forse maggior efficacia e minor costo.Traditional full-time employment has evolved into various types of occupational situations, and, nowadays,
new work organization strategies have been developed. Previously overlooked risk factors have emerged, such as traffic accidents while commuting or during work hours, poor work organization, and detrimental lifestyles (like alcohol and substance abuse, although recent statistics seem to show a declining trend for the latter). The global scenario shows greater attention to occupational risks, but also, to the reduced degree of protection. Moreover, the elevated costs, the unacceptably high fatal accident rates in some sectors, the complexity of the prevention systems, the lack of prevention training, the inadequate controls (despite the numerous independent supervisory bodies) and the obsolescence of certain precepts, call for a prompt review of the regulatory system. This is especially needed for general simplification, streamlining certification bodies and minimizing references to other provisions in the legislation that make it difficult for Italian and foreign workers to read and understand the rules “without legal interpreters”.
“New” occupational diseases and occupational risk factors have also been reported in addition to pollution.
There are concerns for continued economic and social destabilization, unemployment, commuting,
temporary and precarious contracts.
All of these contribute to the lack of wellbeing in the working population. Thus, the timing, duration, and
types of prevention training should be carefully assessed, making prevention more appealing by evaluating
costs and benefits with a widespread use of indicators that make appropriate actions for health promotion
“visible”, thus encouraging awareness.
Although reducing prevention is never justified, it should still be “sustainable” economically in order to
avoid waste of resources.
It is also essential to have laws which are easily and consistently interpreted and to work on the ethics of
employers and employees to ensure that they conform to the standards of other European countries that
currently operate with greater effectiveness and lower costs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Considerations on the article De Bernardis, E., & Busà, L. (2020). A putative role for the tobacco mosaic virus in smokers’ resistance to COVID-19 Medical Hypotheses, 110153
No full textA putative role for the tobacco mosaic virus in smokers’ resistance to COVID- 19 was supposed by de Bernardis and co-authors. However, there are several issues that need to be addressed: putative “high mortality rate of smokers infected by SARS-CoV-2”, “poor collection of medical history details in an emergency situation”, reverse causation (i.e. smokers with severe symptoms may stop smoking before admission to hospital and therefore be counted as non-smokers; alternatively, people presenting with COVID-19 may be less likely to admit to being current smokers); self-selection (smokers with COVID-19 may be less likely to present to hospital, either because they have died or they self-treat in the community, e.g. because of lack of access to funds, given that smoking has a strong negative association with socio-economic position); cohort effects (smoking prevalence declines with age and older people are more likely to be hospitalised if they are infected).
Other authors showed that smoking increases the risk of severe COVID-19 by around two-fold and meta-analyses reported higher prevalence of comorbidities, many of which are tobacco-related diseases, in patients with severe COVID-19 reporting an OR = 2.25 (95% CI: 1.49–3.39) for developing severe Covid-19 among patients with a smoking history.
In the light of all these considerations, the validity of the affirmation made by de Bernardis and colleague about the “resistance of tobacco smokers to the SARSCoV-2 infection”, either for infection, or for progression and severity of COVID-19, is not convincing
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