1,720,987 research outputs found
Visual communication and trust in the health domain
No full textVisual communication and user trust are always challenges in the health domain where conservativeness, precision, and domain knowledge can outweigh the validity of the outcomes in the analytical methods and processes. It is crucial to provide better awareness and understanding to domain experts, model developers, and even patients who might be conscious of their condition and how a treatment or a diagnosis is decided for them. This chapter contributes a discussion on trust and its issues in health data-driven science and how trust should be associated with analytical and computational processes, which are enhanced by visualisation and interaction. We also provide brief guidance on the models and methods for improving interpretability and trust in the health domain
Visualisation for explainable machine learning in biomedical data analysis
No full textThis chapter covers innovations in biomedical data mining and interpretations, especially using visualisations in interpretable machine learning for biomedical data analysis. Visualisations are important in presenting artificial intelligence models and validating the machine learning results. There are more new and complex machine learning methods that have been created to assist decision-making in recent years in the medical domain. Most of them are treated as “black boxes”, as the training and prediction processes are hidden in complicated mathematical theories. Visualisation is a way to reveal the process and help a human understand the cause of a decision. Knowing the “why” for the prediction results and “how” the model works can improve users’ trust in artificial intelligence results. The chapter introduces different visualisations used in interpreting supervised and unsupervised machine learning models for biomedical data. We also provide discussions and future work on using visualisations in interpreting data mining results in the medical domain
Feature-ranking methods for RNA sequencing data
No full textRibonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) is a technique that is used a lot to study and evaluate gene expression patterns and find genes that are expressed differently in different biological situations. Numerous computational algorithms for analysing RNA-seq data have been developed that categorise them per features in many pre-defined classifications. Feature-ranking techniques have emerged as a powerful tool for analysing RNA sequencing data, enabling the identification of the most relevant genes that are associated with specific phenotypes or biological processes. In this chapter, we give an overview of different ways to rank features and how they can be used to analyse data from RNA sequencing. We also compare how well different methods work using benchmark datasets and talk about the difficulties of combining multiple data sources and figuring out what the results mean. Last, we talk about possible future directions for the development and use of feature-ranking techniques. These include the use of deep learning techniques, the use of single-cell sequencing data, and the development of methods for figuring out how genes interact with each other. We evaluate selected features by optimising parameters and identifying a higher-performing classifier. The accuracy, recall, false-positive rate (FPR), and precision are used to analyse the comparison. The chapter aims to provide a comprehensive guide for researchers who want to use feature-ranking techniques to analyse RNA sequencing data and gain insights into the underlying biology
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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