101,978 research outputs found
Cardiovascular and other causes of death as a function of lifestyle habits in a quasi extinct middle-aged male population. a 50-year follow-up study
No full textObjectives: To relate major causes of death with lifestyle habits in an almost extinct male middle-aged population.
Material and methods: A 40-59 aged male population of 1712 subjects was examined and followed-up for 50 years. Baseline smoking habits, working physical activity and dietary habits were related to 50 years mortality subdivided into 12 simple and 3 composite causes of death by Cox proportional hazard models. Duration of survival was related to the same characteristics by a multiple linear regression model.
Results: Death rate in 50 years was of 97.5%. Out of 12 simple groups of causes of death, 6 were related to smoking habits, 3 to physical activity and 4 to dietary habits. Among composite groups of causes of death, hazard ratios (and their 95% confidence limits) of never smokers versus smokers were 0.68 (0.57-0.81) for major cardiovascular diseases; 0.65 (0.52-0.81) for all cancers; and 0.72 (0.64-0.81) for all-cause deaths. Hazard ratios of vigorous physical activity at work versus sedentary physical activity were 0.63 (0.49-0.80) for major cardiovascular diseases; 1.01 (0.72-1.41) for all cancers; and 0.76 (0.64-0.90) for all-cause deaths. Hazard ratios of Mediterranean Diet versus non-Mediterranean Diet were 0.68 (0.54-0.86) for major cardiovascular diseases; 0.54 (0.40-0.73) for all cancers; and 0.67 (0.57-0.78) for all-cause deaths. Expectancy of life was 12 years longer for men with the 3 best behaviors than for those with the 3 worst behaviors.
Conclusions: Some lifestyle habits are strongly related to lifetime mortality
Lifestyle behaviour and lifetime incidence of heart diseases
No full textObjectives: Investigate the relationship of some behavioural characteristics of a male population with lifetime
incidence of heart diseases.
Material and methods: In the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study of Cardiovascular Diseases, 1677
heart disease-freemen aged 40–59 yearswere followed up during 50 years for lifetime incidence of heart disease
up to the age of 90 years. They were classified as coronary heart disease (CHD) and heart diseases of uncertain
etiology (HDUE). Baseline cigarette smoking habits (non-smokers and ex-smokers, moderate smokers, heavy
smokers), physical activity (sedentary, moderate, vigorous) and eating habits (non-Mediterranean Diet, Prudent
Diet and Mediterranean Diet) were related to incidence of heart disease.
Results: Incidence of CHD and HDUE up to the age of 90 years was 28.8 and 17.7%, respectively. Univariate and
multivariate analyses showed strong association of behavioural characteristics with CHD incidence, but not
with HDUE incidence. Cox proportional hazard rates for CHD were 1.45 (95% confidence intervals, CI: 1.11–
1.90) for heavy smokers versus non-smokers; 0.67 (CI 0.50–0.89) for vigorous activity versus sedentary habits
and 0.62 (CI 0.47–0.83) for Mediterranean Diet versus non-Mediterranean Diet. Combining CHD cases with
HDUE cases made the predictive picture similar to that of CHD. When some basic risk factors were added to
the model results remained substantially unaltered, despite the existence of some correlations of behaviours
with risk factors.
Conclusions: Behavioural factors including cigarette smoking, physical activity and diet are strong predictors of
lifetime incidence of common heart diseases even adding other traditional risk factors
Lifestyle habits and mortality from all and specific causes of death: 40-year follow-up in the italian rural areas of the seven countries study.
No full textObjectives: Three lifestyle factors were investigated in a population study to explore their relationships with a long-term mortality. Material and Methods: In a cohort of 1564 men aged 45-64 and examined in 1965 within the Italian Rural Areas of the Seven Countries Study, smoking habits, physical activity at work and eating habits (as derived from factor analysis) were determined. During the follow-up 693 men died in 20 years and 1441 in 40 years. Results: In Cox proportional hazards models men smoking cigarettes (versus never smokers), those having a sedentary activity (versus the very active) and those following the Diet Score 1, indexing an unhealthy Diet (versus men with a Diet close to the healthy Mediterranean style) had highly significant hazards ratios (HR) in relations with 20- and 40-year mortality from all causes, coronary heart disease (CHD), cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. HR for all causes in 40 years were 1.44 (95\% confidence intervals, CI, 1.27 and 1.64) for smokers, 1.43 (CI 1.23 and 1.67) for sedentary people, and 1.31 (CI 1.15 and 1.50) for men with unhealthy diet. Larger HR were found for CHD, CVD and cancers deaths. Combination of 3 unhealthy risk factors versus their absence was associated with 4.8-year life loss in the 20-year follow-up and 10.7-year in the 40-year follow-up. Conclusions: Lifestyle behavior linked to physical activity and smoking and eating habits is strongly associated with mortality and survival in middle aged men during long-term follow-up
Changing the Mediterranean diet: effects on blood pressure.
No full textAn increase in the polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (P:S) in the diet has been reported to reduce blood pressure in man. We have investigated whether an increase in the percentage of saturated fatty acids in the typical Mediterranean diet would affect blood pressure in a sample of healthy rural population of southern Italy. Fifty-seven non-hospitalized normotensive volunteers (29 male, 28 female, aged 30-50 years) were studied. After a 2-week baseline period on their customary diet (P:S = 0.44), they underwent a 6-week isocaloric dietary intervention with a 70\% increase in energy from saturated fatty acids and a corresponding decrease in carbohydrate and mono-unsaturated fat (P:S = 0.23). Thereafter they returned to their usual diet and were followed-up for 6 more weeks (switch-back period). By the end of the intervention period, systolic pressure was increased by 2.6 mmHg in men (P less than 0.05) and by 4.8 mmHg in women (P less than 0.01). Diastolic pressure was not significantly increased, although a significant linear regression of the group average blood pressure over time was observed for both systolic (0.161 mmHg, P less than 0.01) and diastolic pressure (0.107 mmHg, P less than 0.01). After returning to their customary diet, blood pressure returned to baseline (-0.212 mmHg, P less than 0.05 systolic and -0.226 mmHg, P less than 0.01 diastolic). No significant change in body weight occurred throughout the study. These findings suggest that changes in the saturated fatty acid content of the diet with moderate change in the dietary P:S ratio can influence blood pressure to a significant extent
High fat meal increase of il-17 is prevented by ingestion of mixed fruit juice drink in healthy overweight subjects
No full textBibliographie Hilarion G. Petzold 1958 – 2009 mit Anhang als Einführung
No full textDieses Archiv enthält die Gesamtbibliographie der Werke des Autors nebst einiger Texte „Über H. G. Petzold“ im Schlussteil der Bibliographie sowie einen Anhang mit einer Einführung in die Architektur des Werkes in seinem wissenslogischen Aufbau als Ausarbeitung seines „Tree of Science Modells“ (2007).This archive contains the complete bibliography of the author and some texts about H. G. Petzold, moreover an epilogue with an introduction to the architecture of the works in its epistemological structure and composition and as an elaborations of Petzold’s „Tree of Science Modell (2007).https://www.fpi-publikation.de/polyloge/01-2009-petzold-h-g-gesamtbibliographie-h-g-petzold-1958-2009-updating-november2009/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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