1,721,143 research outputs found
Enrico Castelli, I presupposti di una teologia della storia
No full textDruet Pierre-Philippe. Enrico Castelli, I presupposti di una teologia della storia. In: Revue Philosophique de Louvain. Quatrième série, tome 72, n°14, 1974. pp. 415-416
Enrico Castelli, I presupposti di una teologia della storia
No full textDruet Pierre-Philippe. Enrico Castelli, I presupposti di una teologia della storia. In: Revue Philosophique de Louvain. Quatrième série, tome 72, n°14, 1974. pp. 415-416
Supervised and Unsupervised Co-Training of Adaptive Activation Functions in Neural Nets
No full textIn spite of the nice theoretical properties of mixtures of logistic activation functions, standard feedforward neural network with limited resources and gradient-descent optimization of the connection weights may practically fail in several, difficult learning tasks. Such tasks would be better faced by relying on a more appropriate, problem-specific basis of activation functions. The paper introduces a connectionist model which features adaptive activation functions. Each hidden unit in the network is associated with a specific pair (f(•), p(•)), where f(•) (the very activation) is modeled via a specialized neural network, and p(•) is a probabilistic measure of the likelihood of the unit itself being relevant to the computation of the output over the current input. While f(•) is optimized in a supervised manner (through a novel backpropagation scheme of the target outputs which do not suffer from the traditional phenomenon of "vanishing gradient" that occurs in standard backpropagation), p(•) is realized via a statistical parametric model learned through unsupervised estimation. The overall machine is implicitly a co-trained coupled model, where the topology chosen for learning each f(•) may vary on a unit-by-unit basis, resulting in a highly non-standard neural architecture. © 2012 Springer-Verlag
Semi-Unsupervised Weighted Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Joint Densities for the Co-Training of Adaptive Activation Functions
No full textThe paper presents an explicit maximum-likelihood algorithm for the estimation of the probabilistic-weighting density functions that are associated with individual adaptive activation functions in neural networks. A partially unsupervised technique is devised which takes into account the joint distribution of input features and target outputs. Combined with the training algorithm introduced in the companion paper [2], the solution proposed herein realizes a well-defined, specific instance of the novel learning machine. The extension of the overall training method to more-than-one hidden layer architectures is pointed out, as well. A preliminary experimental demonstration is given, outlining how the algorithm works. © 2012 Springer-Verlag
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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