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L'integrazione della componente ambientale nei programmi di cooperazione territoriale europea: alcuni casi di studio
No full textThe Chinese Food Industry: Development, Constraints and Policies
Full text linkGiven the phenomenon of growing urbanization, the pressure on food\ud
demand for a rising population as well as changing diets, China has had to\ud
resor t to impor ts, becoming a net impor ter of food. In absence of external\ud
flows, this scenar io is set to continue and could then mater ial ize in a future\ud
Mal thusian scenario. Improved ef ficiency and productivity, reform of land\ud
use r ights, but also the pol icy of "going out" or land grabbing are some of\ud
the plausible strategies that the country could improve to avoid an\ud
inexorable stabil ization or , at worst, a decline in domestic production, as\ud
wel l taking into account the impact of climate change on agricultural\ud
commodi ties.\ud
Starting from these premises, the paper aims to analyze the existing\ud
scenario identifying constrains and policies that could prevent the\ud
development of the Chinese food industry
Emerging opportunities, challenges and constraints in the Chinese food industry
Full text linkChina is the world’s fourth largest country by total land area behind Russia, Canada and the USA. However, given the phenomenon of growing urbanization, the pressure on food demand for an increasing population as well as changing diet, China has had progressively to resort to imports, becoming a net importer of food. This scenario is set to continue and could result in a future Malthusian scenario. Resourcefulness, technology, research and modernization are factors on which China can improve, as they will have a key role in determining the ability of China, and also of the world, to feed their respective populations in the future. Improved efficiency and productivity, reform of land use rights, but also the policy of "going out" and “land grabbing” are some of the plausible strategies that the country could improve on to avoid an inexorable stabilization or, at worst, a decline in domestic production, as well as taking into account the impact of climate change on agricultural commodities.
Starting from these premises, this study, based on three core areas (food production, consumption and trade), aims to analyze the current situation, identifying opportunities, challenges and constraints that could prevent the development of the Chinese food industry. Initially, the Chapter provides an analysis of the context in which Chinese food companies evolve, analyzing supply (with a focus on the main food and beverages companies), and consumption and trade trends. Then, the main policies involving the food sector are analyzed. The obstacles that could affect the sustainable development of the Chinese food industry are included, focusing on increased urbanization, climate change threats and conflicts for limited natural resources (particularly land and water). A summary of the findings of this study and some recommendations for the Chinese food industry conclude the Chapter
Food security, food safety and pesticides: China and the EU compared
Full text linkTo control pests that may damage crops during production, storage or transportation, chemical pesticides are usually used. On the one hand, the use of pesticides can help to reduce yield losses caused by pests, pathogens, and weeds and thereby help feed the world’s population; on the other hand, such agricultural practices can profoundly affect limited natural resources. Starting from these premises, the main objective of this paper is to explore the relationship between food security and food safety, while pointing out the role played in this relationship by pesticides, focusing on the case studies of the EU and China. To this purpose, the paper outlines the international framework on pesticides and the legal framework in the EU and China, analyzes pesticide markets, and considers the concerns related to their use. The overview of the situation in the EU and China allows us to identify challenges and opportunities for future developments in terms of food security and safety and food trade relationships between Europe and China. Tension and mutual disputes have occurred in the past due to increasing risks for consumers and workers handling pesticides, food scandals and difficulties in the mutual recognition of food quality certification schemes, which call for sustainable production methods
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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