1,721,044 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Passing off: Frameworks of Liability Debated
No full textIn theory the tort of passing off is limited to the protection of traders where a misrepresentation has damaged their goodwill: the so-called classic trinity. But passing off is a protean commercial tort, with a dual development in equity and the common law and the subject at times of ad hoc interim decisions. So at times it is applied beyond the confines of this classic trinity. For this reason a rigorous academic debate is needed, to help shape this tort. Recently, Wadlow and Davis have made valuable contributions to just such a debate. Their analyses and contributions differ both from each other and from the views of this writer. In the light of these conflicting perspectives, the purpose of this article is to debate the possible scope of this tort. At present judicial opinion appears divided on the proper role of this tort. This is at its most stark when the views of Aldous LJ are compared with those of Jacob LJ. Whereas the former referred to “ the cause of action traditionally called passing off, perhaps best referred to as unfair competition", the latter is adamant that “ … the tort of passing off cannot and should not be extended into some general law of unfair competition�. But even where courts purport to apply the classic trinity to similar facts, contrasting approaches can clearly be discerned. So in United Biscuits v Asda the promotion of the defendant’s product by the use of a cuddly sea-bird character was restrained in view of the claimant brand leader’s distinct use of a (different) cuddly sea bird for their product. Yet in Mars UK Ltd v Burgess Group Plc a similar deliberate referencing of the market leader by a new entrant (even including a pastiche of the market leader's famous promotional slogan) was not passing off but mere comparison. Asda similarly was allowed to "live dangerously" in Specsavers International Healthcare Ltd v Asda Stores Ltd. In Taittinger SA v Allbev Ltd the admitted desire of the defendant to attract the cachet of an association with champagne by calling his non-alcoholic cordial, Elderflower Champagne and referencing champagne in the design of its bottle was held to be passing off. Yet in Bulmer v Bollinger where the defendant also sought to transfer some of the glamour of champagne to their alcoholic product - promoted as Champagne Perry with a champagne-reflecting advertisement - no passing off was found by a majority of the Court of Appeal. In Irvine v Talksport Ltd the use without consent of a celebrity's image on the defendant's advertising was held to be passing off, the false impression being that the claimant was “happy to be associated� with the defendant's business. Yet in Harrods Ltd v Harrodian School the majority of the Court of Appeal rejected the allegation of a connection misrepresentation, given on the facts the public would not be misled into believing that the claimants had "made themselves responsible for the quality of the defendant's goods or services�. What is clear is that though at times a strict adherence to the classic trinity guides the courts, at others there is a manipulation of those same ingredients to achieve a desired result. This has obscured the direction of the tort, undermined coherence and has enboldened claimants. So in Mars UK Ltd v Burgess and L'Oreal v Bellure the claimant contended that misrepresentation was not always a necessary ingredient of the tort. In order to guide the courts the possible (conflicting) frameworks for this tort will be outlined. Subsequently, the rationale for each will be debated and a suggestion made
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