1,720,964 research outputs found
An innovative Home and Building Automation design tool for Nanogrids Applications
No full textThe home and building automation systems evolution, creates the necessity to define new formalities for the clear and univocal description of their functionalities. To describe the operation of such a system, it is necessary therefore to add a further level that keeps in mind the logical connections among devices and their configurations. The addition of this level makes unambiguous the description of the plant functionalities. From the current state of the art it arises the demand of creating a software that allows the home automation system designer to exclusively focus on the logical functionalities of the system, furnishing to the system integrator the general details for the hardware settings. Particularly, the new network implementation details (KNX system, proprietary systems, etc.) will be completely transparent to the designer. The objective is to get a project documentation that is possible to adapt both for KNX home automation systems and for proprietary systems managed by a gateway (Xiaomi or Google Home)
Preliminary study of an ancient earthquake-proof construction technique monitoring via an innovative structural health monitoring system
Full text linkThe historical and cultural heritage analysis of the Italian territory is of primary importance since this region is one of the richest in the world and can enrich our knowledge in different fields. In fact, in the field of structural engineering, a new discovery was made in Calabria, in the south of Italy. By investigating various architectural treatises related to earthquake-proof constructions, new knowledge was gained through analysing buildings constructed with fictile tubules bricks. Among them is an unprecedented anti-seismic construction technique patented by Pasquale Frezza, which has been widely used in southern Calabria. To prevent the collapse of the attendant structures, an innovative method for monitoring and obtaining the mechanical properties of these structures in real time while minimising the measurement uncertainty is proposed in this paper
Preliminary Study of a Neural Network Procedure for the Timely Detection of the Collapse of Historical Cultural Heritage Structures
No full textThe protection and preservation of buildings of historical and cultural heritage is often only guaranteed by a type of ordinary or extraordinary maintenance. The constructions are subject to restoration work when damage is advanced or partial collapses have occurred. In recent years, modern technology and research have ensured the development of continuous monitoring through structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. SHMs allow the real time acquisition of different physical quantities that are stored in a cloud. Often, these data are numerous and difficult to interpret through traditional analysis conducted by non-linear numerical simulations involving high computational burden and times. To this purpose, in this paper is presented the preliminary study of the implementation of a Neural Network that, trained on data obtained through a Virtual Optimal Sensor Placement method, is able to predict the collapse. This method presents encouraging results in classifying the acquired data and producing timely detection
An innovative structural health monitoring system for the preliminary study of an ancient anti-seismic construction technique
Full text linkThe Italian historical and cultural heritage is one of the most interesting and great in the world. The study of this heritage patrimony is bringing new discovery in the field of structural science. An ancient anti-seismic structure was discovered in Calabria region. Such structure is based on fictile tubules bricks a still not well studied construction method. In this paper we propose an innovative measurement method to investigate the mechanical properties of this anti-seismic structures
Optimal self-scheduling of a real energy hub considering local DG units and demand response under uncertainties
No full textIn this paper, a cost-based mathematical optimization is used to evaluate the optimal amount of imported power from the public main grid to a private microgrid, that is the LAMBDA lab Microgrid testbed placed at Sapienza University of Rome. In this regard, this study considers five tests based on using different sources, including a photovoltaic array, an emergency generator set, a fuel cell and the main grid, for load satisfaction. The LAMBDA lab can be considered as a multi-source multi-output energy hub with three optional sources and both electrical and heat demands in output. This paper considers photovoltaic production and load demand as indeterministic parameters and evaluates the problem under uncertainties. As a result, a stochastic programming model is defined, and a powerful optimization function is used to reach the optimal power received from the main grid. In addition, information gap decision theory (IGDT) is used to model the robustness of the problem against uncertainties associated with renewable generation unit (Photovoltaic system) and electricity loads applied on a real case for the first time. In the result section, the contribution of each source in electrical and heat load demands is presented in addition to the cost of each test by evaluating the effect of DR of 15%. Finally, a comparison between the stochastic programming method and IGDT has been accomplished
Intelligent energy management based on SCADA system in a real Microgrid for smart building applications
Full text linkEnergy management is one of the main challenges in Microgrids (MGs) applied to Smart Buildings (SBs). Hence, more studies are indispensable to consider both modeling and operating aspects to utilize the upcoming results of the system for the different applications. This paper presents a novel energy management architecture model based on complete Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system duties in an educational building with an MG Laboratory (Lab) testbed, which is named LAMBDA at the Electrical and Energy Engineering Department of the Sapienza University of Rome. The LAMBDA MG Lab simulates in a small scale a SB and is connected with the DIAEE electrical network. LAMBDA MG is composed of a Photovoltaic generator (PV), a Battery Energy Storage System (BESS), a smart switchboard (SW), and different classified loads (critical, essential, and normal) some of which are manageable and controllable (lighting, air conditioning, smart plugs operating into the LAB). The aim of the LAMBDA implementation is making the DIAEE smart for energy saving purposes. In the LAMBDA Lab, the communication architecture consists in a complex of master/slave units and actuators carried out by two main international standards, Modbus (industrial serial standard for electrical and technical monitoring systems) and Konnex (an open standard for commercial and domestic building automation). Making the electrical department smart causes to reduce the required power from the main grid. Hence, to achieve the aims, results have been investigated in two modes. Initially, the real-time mode based on the SCADA system, which reveals real daily power consumption and production of different sources and loads. Next, the simulation part is assigned to shows the behavior of the main grid, loads and BESS charging and discharging based on energy management system. Finally, the proposed model has been examined in different scenarios and evaluated from the economic aspect
A nearly zero-energy microgrid testbed laboratory: Centralized control strategy based on SCADA system
Full text linkCurrently, despite the use of renewable energy sources (RESs), distribution networks are facing problems, such as complexity and low productivity. Emerging microgrids (MGs) with RESs based on supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) are an effective solution to control, manage, and finally deal with these challenges. The development and success of MGs is highly dependent on the use of power electronic interfaces. The use of these interfaces is directly related to the progress of SCADA systems and communication infrastructures. The use of SCADA systems for the control and operation of MGs and active distribution networks promotes productivity and efficiency. This paper presents a real MG case study called the LAMBDA MG testbed laboratory, which has been implemented in the electrical department of the Sapienza University of Rome with a centralized energy management system (CEMS). The real-time results of the SCADA system show that a CEMS can create proper energy balance in a LAMBDA MG testbed and, consequently, minimize the exchange power of the LAMBDA MG and main grid
Reconfigurable measurement setup for laboratory activities in augmented reality
No full textThe challenge of limited access to laboratory equipment relative to the students is a pervasive issue across many academic institutions. This limitation can deny practical learning experiences and hinder the understanding of theoretical concepts. Consequently, the development of innovative solutions to address this challenge is crucial for enhancing the quality of university education and Vocational Education and Training (VET). The approach presented by the authors in this paper provides an effective solution using an IoT protocol for remote control of laboratory instrumentation and the Device Under Test (DUT). This solution not only addresses the issue of insufficient laboratory equipment availability but also opens new opportunities to enrich students' educational experiences. By enabling direct interaction with instrumentation and the DUT through remote platforms, students can acquire practical skills in a more flexible and accessible manner, without physical space constraints or equipment availability limitations
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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