1,720,984 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Applying Systemic Racism Theory to Social Service Provision: an Evaluation of the Texas Model for Addressing Disproportionality and Disparities
No full textThe Promise Neighborhood Model: Family Engagement Challenges and Best Practices
Full text linkEXECUTIVE SUMMARY
POLICY QUESTIONS
What is a Promise Neighborhood and what are the different forms a Promise Neighborhood can take? How do Promise Neighborhood administrators engage community members and how do parents and caregivers respond to the Promise Neighborhood family engagement strategies?
BACKGROUND
Inspired by the Harlem Children’s Zone, a Promise Neighborhood is a community centered on providing all children high-quality, coordinated health, social, and educational support from birth to college to career. The Obama administration currently funds Promise Neighborhoods in 20 states and in the District of Columbia. Three foundational principles of the Promise Neighborhood Initiative are (1) the Promise Neighborhood is not a one-size-fits-all model, but rather takes shape to the community it serves using community needs assessments; (2) Children and parents need wrap-around supports to foster a safe and healthy learning environment; and (3) community participation and buy-in are essential for improving the community.
Martez Hill, the Executive Director of the North Carolina State Board of Education, is interested in learning about the Promise Neighborhood model. He wants to know the various forms Promise Neighborhoods can take (e.g. their governance structure, the number of nonprofits involved, the number served, etc.). Because community engagement is such an essential component, he also wants to understand the strategies Promise Neighborhoods use to recruit families to participate.
DATA AND METHODS
In this project, I studied three different examples of Promise Neighborhood models including the East Durham Children’s Initiative, the Kinston Promise Neighborhood, and the D.C. Promise Neighborhood Initiative. First, I conducted in-depth interviews with administrators to learn how they recruit children, parents, and caregivers to participate. Second, I conducted in-depth interviews with parents and caregivers to learn why they participate in the Promise Neighborhood programs. This expands the current research by incorporating administrators’ perspectives to learn their strategies and by interviewing parents and caregivers specifically on family engagement; this has not been done before. I also developed profiles on the three neighborhoods to illustrate the different forms Promise Neighborhoods can take.
FINDINGS
Each administrator stressed the importance of involving community members in the Promise Neighborhood planning process. Each program also emphasized their collaborative efforts with local schools to share information with parents or caregivers. While the DC Promise Neighborhood Initiative utilizes a grassroots approach to community engagement, the East Durham Children’s Initiative and Kinston Promise Neighborhood have fewer resources. Instead, they rely on alternative recruitment strategies such as providing a parent advocate program and a parent and community advisory committee.
Parents, caregivers, and administrators explained that the main challenges to program participation are time constraints, transportation, and competing priorities. Many parents or caregivers expressed their concern that many parents are not taking advantage of the Promise Neighborhood programming. They contribute their lack of participation to the aforementioned challenges, but also to the notion that many parents do not understand what being involved means.
RECOMMENDATIONS
When determining community engagement strategies for the Promise Neighborhood model, I recommend taking the following measures:
1. Engage families in the planning process
2. Partner with the local school
3. Develop a parent advocate program
4. Employ grassroots strategies
5. Determine how to best utilize parents and caregivers to communicate participation benefits to other community member
DISI: A Model for Practical Interdisciplinary Education and Social Impact
Full text linkIntroduction
Duke Interdisciplinary Social Innovators (DISI) is a model for organizing graduate students at universities to do interdisciplinary, problem-oriented projects for non-profit clients. In its first year, 149 students from eight different Duke graduate schools will complete 24 projects for North Carolina social organizations. Eighty-five percent of students and 100 percent of clients expressed satisfaction with their first semester DISI project experience. As a result, The Scholar Strategy Network (SSN) is exploring the possibility of expanding the model to other Universities and has asked me to answer the following question.
Policy Question
How can graduate students set up an interdisciplinary, client-oriented service organization?
Recommendations:
The MP analyzes the steps DISI’s Co-Founders took to set up DISI at Duke and their successes and failures. It is too early to tell if the model will work in the long term. However, others who want to set-up similar organizations at other universities should use the following steps:
1. Analyze the graduate education structure of their school, determine if interdisciplinary collaboration is possible, what form it will take, and who are the key stakeholders to invest in the idea.
2. Recruit student leaders, have student leaders meet with key university and community stakeholders to solicit funds, student recruiting relationships, and non-profit project relationships.
3. Visualize an organization structure and a project team structure, using information provided here as a guide. Consider the academic calendar and the student culture of all graduate schools.
4. Create initial branding material. Recruit a few initial projects and determine initial Skill Share events to entice student participation and help.
5. Have initial investment meeting to recruit student volunteers to help over the summer. These students are potentially the first executive board members.
6. Use summer to plan and begin to plan and execute student recruitment, partner recruitment, fund solicitation, and skill share events as possible. This could include creating materials, outreaching to orientation leaders to plan recruitment events, and e-mailing non-profits.
7. When the school year begins, execute student recruitment and project matching processes. This includes interviewing project managers.
8. Monitor progress, execute Skill Share events and social events.
1.3 Methodology My strategy for answering the policy question included the following four major components.
1. Background research and a review of the relevant literature.
2. Review of the interdisciplinary landscape at Duke and other schools.
3. Review of the steps DISI’s Co-founders took to start the organ Duke.
4. Review of preliminary DISI data
Public Opinion and the Environment: How Does Message Framing Influence Public Attitudes about Environmental Regulations?
Full text linkMessage framing is a common strategy that politicians, government officials, and the media use when communicating with the public about environmental issues. However, message frames about environmental regulations are often misleading, potentially reinforcing misinformation and misperceptions among the voting public. This may translate into a net shift in the level of public support for or opposition against environmental policies and regulations. With this paper, I attempt to answer the following policy question: how does message framing affect public opinion about environmental regulations? I first analyze a sample of polling data from the Roper Center for Public Opinion Research’s iPOLL Databank to: 1) identify the most commonly used environmental message frames over the past decade (2004-2014), and 2) determine how these frames affect survey results. Then, using these message frames, I conduct a survey of the voting public to examine whether persuasive pro-environmental messaging can elicit survey responses that differ from observed historical patterns. I find that message frames emphasizing environmental regulations’ benefits to public health and economic growth generate more pro-environmental responses than frames that simply stress the need for environmental protection. Environmental groups who engage in future policymaking and advocacy efforts can use these findings to inform more effective message framing strategies that may prompt the public to express greater support for environmental regulations and environmental issues in general
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