1,720,981 research outputs found
A virocentric perspective: The essential is invisible to the eye
Get PDFA lo largo de los años transcurridos desde el descubrimiento de los virus, y en repetidas ocasiones, los expertos han cambiado de opinión acerca de su identidad. Al principio fueron considerados venenos, luego partículas con una forma de vida peculiar y más tarde sustancias bioquímicas. Los virus ocupan hoy, en el pensamiento biológico, una zona gris entre lo vivo y lo inerte: incapaces de autorreplicarse, lo cual consiguen, sin embargo, en el interior de una célula viva. De esta manera, condicionan de forma determinante el comportamiento de tal hospedador. Durante buena parte de la era moderna de la biología, la inclusión de los virus en el mundo inerte trajo consigo una consecuencia negativa, dado que se prescindió de ellos en el estudio de la evolución. Para nuestra fortuna, hoy la ciencia comienza a valorar el papel decisivo de los virus en la historia de la vida.Over the years since the discovery of the virus, and in many occasions, experts have changed their minds about their identity. At first they were considered poisons, then particles with a peculiar life style and later biochemical substances. Viruses occupy today, in biological thought, a gray area between the living and the nonliving: unable to self-replicate, but achieving it, however, within a living cell. This, decisively determines the behavior of such host. For many years along modern biology, the inclusion of viruses in the inert world brought a negative consequence, since they were omitted in the study of evolution. Fortunately for us, science now begins to appreciate the critical role of viruses in the history of life.Fil: Carlucci, Maria Josefina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin
Sapere aude: Towards a brand new humanity
Get PDFKnowledge that we possess nowadays circulates along a straight, and on an aligned path, despite of biotechnological and cybernetic advances. Showing clearly that we run quickly towards distant stars and transhumanism, but deep inside, we end up with an existential anguish from loss of meaning. Does science provides Human Beings freedom? Does it offer meanings for consciousness development?, or has become a new “myth” that, while it claims to explain how the world revolves , covers up a new mode of human manipulation?. Edward Matchett said: “Today it is easier to shout out loud Ahead than where to”.Fil: Diemanz Hartz, M.. Universidad Autonoma de Barcelona. Facultad de Ciencias de la Comunicacion.; EspañaFil: Carlucci, Maria Josefina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Química Biológica. Laboratorio de Virología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Argentin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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