1,720,967 research outputs found
APPARATUS FOR INDEPENDENT INSTANT PRODUCTION OF FRESHWATER FROM DESALINATION OF SEAWATER ABOARD SEAFARING CRAFT
No full textAn apparatus (1) for independent instant production, aboard seafaring craft (2), of freshwater (3) through desalination of seawater (4), combining a cogenerator (5), to produce at least electrical energy (6), which comprises a Stirling engine (7) emitting exhaust heat (8); and an inverse osmosis desalination unit (9) operatively associated with the Stirling engine (7) in such a way as to receive at least its exhaust heat (8) and to preheat with it the seawater (4) entering the desalination unit
Distributed Stirling Engines for Pipeline Corrosion Protection
No full textOil or gas transportation requires the use of very long pipelines from the source of extraction to the main distribution grids. However, due to the properties of the inner fluids and to the differing environmental conditions, these pipelines are particularly prone to corrosion. To guarantee the longevity of pipelines, protective coatings and/or anodic or cathodic protection are commonly used. In conjunction with protective coatings, cathodic protection is often considered the wisest solution and is therefore widely adopted. In remote areas, where power supply is not easily available from the grid, power units are distributed along the course of the pipeline to overcome this shortage. Thanks to their impressive operating longevity without maintenance, off-grid Stirling engines are well-suited to this purpose as they can be used as power generators in remote areas where operat/are occasional.
A 1kWe Stirling engine has been designed to ensure the protection of over 5 kilometers of pipeline length, conditioning the corrosion protection control units and powering the SCADA systems.
Market analysis has shown very good opportunities for off grid configuration Stirling engines in the oil and gas sector, thus extending their current application in the household sector as micro combined heat and power systems.
According to a low profile estimate, protection of 2000 km of pipeline length can be ensured through the use of Stirling engines, /promising an important economic profit
Onboard Hybrid Propulsion and Sewage Treatment System Powered by a Stirling Engine Unit
No full textAt present, boats have to comply with very strict environmental regulations on emission production and sewage disposal. In the near future, new environmental policies on reduction of water pollution will also affect sailing boats. To reach environmental targets, a few models of new boats on the market are equipped with hybrid propulsion systems in which an electric generator is combined with a diesel engine. The electric generator, driven by the diesel engine, charges a bank of batteries which in turn powers an electric motor. The electric motor can operate in parallel with the main propulsion engine to provide more power output or on its own, when a quieter and more fuel-efficient operating performance is required during idling or docking.
In this paper a Stirling engine is considered for the onboard application. The main advantage is that a Stirling engine can run continuously to charge the bank of batteries in the hybrid propulsion system or to supply power on request for onboard appliances, all whilst producing a very little noise. In addition, the heat discharged by the cooling system of the engine can be utilized for onboard sewage treatment. New environmental regulations limit the sewage disposal at ports thus making it necessary to store and treat sewage during navigation. In order to reduce sewage disposal, the engine’s thermal output is used to aid evaporation thereby reducing the quantity of waste disposed.
In this work, the authors have studied the integration of hybrid propulsion and sewage treatment systems powered by a Stirling engine in order to meet these new environmental regulations and provide comfort during the navigation of sailing boats. It is anticipated that experimental tests will be carried out after once the design stage of the system has been completed
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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