1,721,404 research outputs found
Rappresentare, mediare e negoziare
No full textPer molto tempo l’antropologia sociale e culturale ha espresso una certa diffidenza nei confronti della mediazione culturale e dell’idea di cultura sottostante a questa pratica. Con l’accresciuta consapevolezza delle possibilità e delle strategie con le quali il concetto di cultura può essere usato per fini politici, “gli antropologi sono più restii a parlare di ‘culture’ in maniera acritica, come entità definibili” (Herzfeld 2006, pp. 58-59). L'ironia della sorte ha voluto che, nel passato, fossero proprio gli antropologi a contribuire ad una visione della cultura come un insieme dai confini delimitati e immutabili in cui le caratteristiche di comunanza e condivisione fossero dominanti rispetto alle differenze interne ai gruppi e alle comunità. Oggi questa visione di cultura come insieme omogeneo e definito di caratteri valoriali e comportamentali sembra diffusa nel senso comune e si riscontra spesso nei rapporti quotidiani. Contro questa tendenza, è sempre opportuno ricordare che sono le persone che si incontrano e si scontrano, non tanto le culture. L’evocazione di una cultura astratta viene utilizzata per disegnare confini, a volte con un linguaggio morale, tra un “noi” ed un “loro”, e per forgiare ideologie che invocano, pretendendo in modo retorico di scongiurarla, una sorta di “inconmensurabilità culturale” che naturalizza la distribuzione diseguale delle risorse a livello locale, come lo scontro di civiltà a livello globale. Seguendo i cambiamenti storici del dopoguerra (decolonizzazione, urbanizzazione, migrazioni), la cultura è stata pensata sempre meno come complesso unitario e sempre più come un processo differenziato al suo interno e in costante movimento di ricomposizione e contaminazione (Matera 2008). In questa sede, tenendo conto dei rilievi critici sopra menzionati e, con l’aiuto di alcuni esempi e testimonianze emergenti da alcune ricerche sociali sui servizi rivolti agli immigrati nella Regione Emilia Romagna (Riccio 2008), mostreremo il forte bisogno di mediazione culturale nei servizi, che viene ribadito da più voci e, contemporaneamente, le ambivalenze che caratterizzano il ruolo del mediatore agli occhi sia degli operatori che degli stessi migranti. Inoltre, cercheremo di evidenziare le ricadute operative e pratiche di alcune difficoltà connesse al fenomeno della rappresentanza/rappresentazione e ai molteplici paradossi che circondano la mediazione culturale
Web Design Education in Context
No full textWith audiences becoming more technologically literate and the web a catalyst for political,
cultural and socio-economic change and debate, the practice of designing for the web is no
longer a task only for web developers and graphic designers.
Thus, organisations need to make room for experts who understand the dynamics of
communication in the web context. From this perspective, we revised the curriculum of the
web design course for undergraduate Communication Sciences students at Free University
of Bozen-Bolzano.
We distanced ourselves from a producer-centered classic curriculum, and proposed
a process-centered one that facilitates reflection on the different aspects of using digital
content as a communication context.
This change of approach in how we teach web design led us to improve students’
critical skills in evaluating digital media, encourage their creativity in designing for the
web as a communication space, and help them understand the complexity of web design as
a process
Major and minor injuries during the creation of pneumoperitoneum. A multicenter study on 12,919 cases
No full textBackground: Lap Group Roma was established in 1999 to promote and control the development of laparoscopic surgery in the area of pome and its province. Complications during the creation of pneumoperitoneum were given a high priority of investigation, and a retrospective enquiry was immediately carried out.Methods: A questionnaire about all laparoscopic surgical practice performed from January 1994 to December 1998 was sent to the supervisors of 28 centers of general surgery in the area of Rome and its province participating to the Lap Group Roma, requesting demographics, type of procedure for the creation of pneumoperitoneum, type and timing of operation, and major vascular, visceral, and minor vascular injuries related to the creation of pneumoperitoneum.Results: The questionnaire was returned by 57% of the centers, for a total of 12,919 laparoscopic procedures. The type of procedure used to create the pneumoperitoneum involved a standard dosed approach (Veress needle + first trocar) in 82% of the cases, an open (Hasson) approach in 9% of the cases, and the use of an optical trocar in 9% of the cases. There were seven major vascular injuries (0.05%), eight visceral lesions (0.06%), and nine minor vascular lesions (0.07%), for an overall morbility of 0.18%. There was no death related to these complications. The rate of complications differed significantly (p < 0.0001) depending on the type of approach used. It was 0.27% with the optical trocar (3 of 1,009 cases), 0.18% with the closed approach (20 of 10,664 cases), and 0.09% with the open approach (1 of 1,135 cases).Conclusions: There is no foolproof technique for the creation of pneumoperitoneum, and this inquiry confirms the need of a constant search for prevention and early treatment of complications encountered during this obligatory phase of any laparoscopic approach. A well-conducted and prolonged prospective audit of clinical practice could help in identifying the risk factors that can make an alternative approach (open or video controlled) preferable to the widely used closed approach
Treatment strategies of obsessive-compulsive disorder and panic disorder/agoraphobia
No full textAnxiety disorders represent the most prevalent psychiatric disorders. In addition, a considerable burden is associated with them, not only for individual sufferers, but also for the health care system. However, many patients who might benefit from treatment are not diagnosed or treated. This may partly be due to lack of awareness of the anxiety disorders by primary care practitioners and by the sufferers themselves. In addition, the stigma still associated with psychiatric disorders and lack of confidence in psychiatric treatments are factors leading to no/under recognition and treatment, or the use of unnecessary or inappropriate treatments. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of recommendations for the pharmacological treatment of two common anxiety disorders, in particular obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and panic disorder (PD). The first-line treatments of OCD include medium-high doses of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and clomipramine, a tricyclic (TCA) antidepressant with prevalent serotonergic activity. The recommended drugs for PD include SSRIs, TCAs and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs); in treatment-resistant cases, benzodiazepines like alprazolam may be used in patients with no history of addiction and tolerance. Other treatment options include irreversible and reversible monoamine-oxidase inhibitors, hydroxyzine, and others. Besides pharmacological treatments, some psychological strategies have been shown to be effective, in particular, cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and other variants of behavior therapy that have been sufficiently investigated in controlled studies, and, therefore, will be reviewed herein
Self-reported exercise and quality of life in young type 1 diabetic subjects.
No full textEvaluation of quality of life is important in treatment strategies of chronic illnesses, such as diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed at measuring the impact of self-reported exercise on quality of life in T1DM patients. Fifty-three young T1DM patients on intensive insulin-treatment regime who were regularly attending the Diabetes Clinic were selected. At the end of the scheduled clinic visit, they were asked to fill in an Italian version of the Diabetes Quality of Life (DQOL) questionnaire; 30 patients exercised regularly, whereas 23 were sedentary. Patients with clinical and laboratory evidence of major eye, renal and cardiovascular diseases were excluded. A significant difference in the scale of satisfaction (1.9+/-0.3 vs 2.2+/-0.5; p=0.009), along with a better HbA(1c) level (7.0+/-1.0 vs 7.8+/-1.2; p=0.014), was observed in physically active patients as compared to sedentary ones, whereas there were no differences between the 2 groups with respect to the impact and worry scale. Moreover, there were no significant correlations between glucose control parameters and the quality of life scores. In conclusion, we showed that self-reported exercise is associated with both a better quality of life and a better metabolic control in young T1DM patients. Further efforts should however be made to recognize all factors that can help motivate patients to exercise
Web Design Education in Context
No full textWith audiences becoming more technologically literate and the web a catalyst for political,
cultural and socio-economic change and debate, the practice of designing for the web is no
longer a task only for web developers and graphic designers.
Thus, organisations need to make room for experts who understand the dynamics of
communication in the web context. From this perspective, we revised the curriculum of the
web design course for undergraduate Communication Sciences students at Free University
of Bozen-Bolzano.
We distanced ourselves from a producer-centered classic curriculum, and proposed
a process-centered one that facilitates reflection on the different aspects of using digital
content as a communication context.
This change of approach in how we teach web design led us to improve students’
critical skills in evaluating digital media, encourage their creativity in designing for the
web as a communication space, and help them understand the complexity of web design as
a process
La valutazione igienico-ambientale mediante l'analisi statistica multivariata. Un caso di studio
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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