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Processi di Recollection e Familiarità in compiti di riconoscimento in pazienti con amnesia ippocampale
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The contribution of different prefrontal cortex regions to recollection and familiarity. A review of fMRI data
No full textDual-process theories of recognition memory sustain that recollection and familiarity reflect different mnemonic processes and rely on separate neural substrates that are located primarily in the medial temporal lobe (MTL). Aggleton and Brown's model (1999) assumes that this distinction extends to other brain regions, including the thalamus, and that both recognition memory processes interact with the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Nevertheless, it is still unclear whether recollection and familiarity are subtended by separate prefrontal regions. Here we provided a review of the literature that first focused on functional magnetic resonance imaging studies that adopted the Remember/Know method and reported recollection- and familiarity-based activity in the PFC. There is evidence that functional activations are differently located within the lateral (i.e., along the dorso-ventral axis), medial (i.e., along the rostro-caudal axis) and anterior (i.e., along the medio-lateral axis) prefrontal surfaces according to whether they are recollection- or familiarity-related. Overall, the findings we summarise suggest that recollection and familiarity are qualitatively different processes and rely on distinct neural pathways even outside the MTL
Selective deficit of time perception in a patient with right prefrontal cortex lesion
No full textThe neural systems underlying subjective perception of time are of
increasing interest for neuroscientists. Previous studies in humans and in animals have documented a role of the cerebellum
and basal ganglia as an internal clock of discrete temporal units.1,2
Recent data from focal lesion investigations have suggested that
the frontal and the parietal lobes also are critical for time perception, especially for their role in attention and in maintaining the
representation of subjective time in the working memory.3,4 Neuropsychological and functional imaging studies have supported
the importance of the prefrontal cortex in the perception and in
the comparison of time intervals.5
We describe the case of a patient who had a selective impairment in the perception of events’ duratio
Parkinsonian patients with deficits in the dysexecutive spectrum are impaired on the theory of mind tasks
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Recognition memory and prefrontal cortex: dissociating recollection and familiarity processes using rTMS
No full textRecognition memory for single items and for associations in amnesic patients
No full textRecognition memory performance reflects two distinct processes or types of memory referred to as recollection and familiarity. According to theoretical claims about the two types of memory, single item and associative recognition tasks can be used as an experimental method to distinguish recollection and familiarity processes. Associative recognition decisions can be used as an index of recollection while memory for single items is mostly based on familiarity judgement. We employed this procedure to examine a possible dissociation in the memory performance of amnesic patients between spared single item and impaired associative recognition. Twelve amnesic patients, six with damage confined to the hippocampus proper, and six with damage elsewhere in the brain, were recruited for the present study. The findings showed that hippocampal amnesics exhibit relative sparing of single item learning but are consistently deficient in the learning of all kinds of between-item associations. These results are consistent with the view that hippocampal formation contributes differently to declarative tasks that require recollective or familiarity processes
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