1,721,035 research outputs found
Der er masser af krisetegn i dansk økonomi
No full textIfølge overvismand Carl-Johan Dalgaard er der ingen krisetegn i dansk økonomi, men der er god grund til at være skeptisk over for hans jubeloptimisme. Væksten er generelt faldende, og den vækst, vi har, bidrager til den stadigt mere alarmerende klimakrise
Eye Disease and Development
Get PDFThis research advances the hypothesis that cross-country variation in the historical incidence of eye disease has influenced the current global distribution of per capita income. The theory is that pervasive eye disease diminished the incentive to accumulate skills, thereby delaying the fertility transition and the take-off to sustained economic growth. In order to estimate the influence from eye disease incidence empirically, we draw on an important fact from the field of epidemiology: Exposure to solar ultraviolet B radiation (UVB-R) is an underlying determinant of several forms of eye disease; the most important being cataract, which is currently the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Using a satellite-based measure of UVB-R, we document that societies more exposed to UVB-R are poorer and underwent the fertility transition with a significant delay compared to the forerunners. These findings are robust to the inclusion of an extensive set of climate and geography controls. Moreover, using a global data set on economic activity for all terrestrial grid cells we show that the link between UVB-R and economic development survives the inclusion of country fixed effect.Comparative development, eye disease, climate
Patience and prosperity
No full textAbstract. This paper introduces wealth-dependent time preference into a simple model of endogenous growth. The model generates adjustment dynamics in line with the historical facts on savings and economic growth in Europe from the High Middle Ages to today. Along a virtuous cycle of development more wealth leads to more patience, which leads to more savings and further increasing wealth. Savings rates and income growth rates are thus jointly increasing during the process of development until they converge towards constants along a balanced growth path. During the transition to modern growth an economy in which the association of wealth and patience is stronger overtakes an otherwise identical economy and generates temporarily diverging growth rates. Keywords: economic growth, savings, time preference, poverty trap, moral consequences of economic growth. JEL: O11, O41, D90, P48. * University of Hannover, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliche Fakultaet, 30167 Hannover, Germany; email: [email protected]. I would like to thank Carl-Johan Dalgaard, Karl Dietrich, Peter Egger, Hans Gersbach, Volker Grossmann, Andreas Irmen, Karen Pittel, Alexia Prskawetz, Ingmar Schumacher, Uwe Sunde, Franz Wirl, and two anonymous referees for helpful comments
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Idle Capital and Long-Run Productivity.
Get PDFIn the present paper the joint determination of long-run income per worker and capital utilization is studied. It is shown that comparatively low (optimal) rates of capital utilization may arise in poor economies in response to weak underlying structural characteristics. Moreover, the quantitative implications of variable capital utilization are also explored. It is demonstrated that adding endogenous capital utilization to the Solow model implies a rate of convergence in line with empirical estimates, and, that controlling for capital utilization leads to interesting modifications of the results stemming from oft-cited exercises in cross-country growth and levels accounting.
Scale-Invariant Endogenous Growth
Get PDFIn this paper we develop a theory of scale-invariant endogenous growth. By this we mean a theory capable of generating a balanced growth path where both the growth rate and the level of GDP per capita are independent of the size of population, where population growth is neither necessary nor conductive for economic growth, and where economic incentives and policy matter for growth. Such a theory arises naturally when endogenous skill formation is added to a basic R&D driven growth model featuring diminishing returns to existing knowledge in creating new ideas.
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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