169,833 research outputs found
LOW-DOSE OLANZAPINE MONOTHERAPY IN GIRLS WITH ANOREXIA NERVOSA, RESTRICTING SUBTYPE: FOCUS ON HYPERACTIVITY
No full textLow-dose olanzapine monotherapy in girls with anorexia nervosa, restricting
subtype: focus on hyperactivity.
Leggero C, Masi G, Brunori E, Calderoni S, Carissimo R, Maestro S, Muratori F.
IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, Via
dei Giacinti 2, Calambrone (Pisa), Italy.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of olanzapine in
girls with anorexia nervosa, restricting subtype (ANr).
METHODS: Thirteen patients (mean age 13.7 +/- 2.3 years, age range 9.6-16.3
years) enrolled in a multimodal treatment for ANr were evaluated with
standardized measures at baseline and after 1 and 6 months after starting
low-dose olanzapine monotherapy (mean dose 4.13 mg/day).
RESULTS: A significant improvement was evident on weight (body mass index, BMI),
global functioning (Children's Global Assessment Scale, CGAS), eating attitudes
(Eating Attitudes Test-26, EAT-26), anxious-depressive symptoms (Child Behavior
Checklist, CBCL) and hyperactivity (Structured Inventory for Anorexic and Bulimic
Syndromes, SIAB). At the end of the 6-month follow up, 7 patients were responders
according to an improvement of at least 50% in the EAT-26 results. The only
measure that improved significantly in responders, but not in nonresponders, was
hyperactivity (SIAB). Clinical improvement, in terms of both body mass index
(BMI) recovery and global functioning, paralleled the improvement of
hyperactivity, was evident at the end of the first month of treatment, and
further increased in the following 5 months, with minimal side effects.
CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose olanzapine monotherapy may be useful as adjunctive
treatment of youths with ANr. It is suggested that efficacy may be mediated by a
decrease of hyperactivity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Up-regulation of miR-34b/c by JNK and FOXO3 protects from liver fibrosis
No full textα1-Antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency is a common genetic disease presenting with lung and liver diseases. AAT deficiency results from pathogenic variants in the SERPINA1 gene encoding AAT and the common mutant Z allele of SERPINA1 encodes for Z α1-antitrypsin (ATZ), a protein forming hepatotoxic polymers retained in the endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes. PiZ mice express the human ATZ and are a valuable model to investigate the human liver disease of AAT deficiency. In this study, we investigated differential expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) between PiZ and control mice and found that miR-34b/c was up-regulated and its levels correlated with intrahepatic ATZ. Furthermore, in PiZ mouse livers, we found that Forkhead Box O3 (FOXO3) driving microRNA-34b/c (miR‐34b/c) expression was activated and miR-34b/c expression was dependent upon c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation on Ser574. Deletion of miR-34b/c in PiZ mice resulted in early development of liver fibrosis and increased signaling of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), a target of miR-34b/c. Activation of FOXO3 and increased miR-34c were confirmed in livers of humans with AAT deficiency. In addition, JNK-activated FOXO3 and miR-34b/c up-regulation were detected in several mouse models of liver fibrosis. This study reveals a pathway involved in liver fibrosis and potentially implicated in both genetic and acquired causes of hepatic fibrosis
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Application of φ-IASI to IASI: retrieval products evaluation and radiative transfer consistency
No full textRetrieval products for temperature, water vapour and ozone have been obtained from spectral radiances measured by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer flying onboard the first European Meteorological Operational satellite. These products have been used to check the consistency of the forward model and its accuracy and the expected retrieval performance. The study has been carried out using a research-oriented forward-inverse methodology, called φ-IASI, that the authors have specifically developed for the new sounding interferometer. The performance of the forward-inversion strategy has been assessed by comparing the retrieved profiles to profiles of temperature, water vapour and ozone obtained by co-locating in space and time profiles from radiosonde observations and from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts analysis. Spectral residuals have also been computed and analyzed to assess the quality of the forward model. Two versions of the high-resolution transmission molecular absorption database have been used, which mostly differ for ozone absorption line parameters, line and continuum absorption of both CO<sub>2</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O molecules. Their performance has been assessed by inter-comparing the results, and a consistent improvement in the spectral residual has been found when using the most updated release
Application of the σ-IASI radiative transfer model to IASI
No full textThe paper illustrates the new features of the line-by-line radiative transfer model σ -IASI. The new features are mainly based on the computational optimization of the code and its parallelization. The paper also presents and discusses retrieval for temperature, water vapor and ozone profiles from spectra measured by the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer in the tropical belt. Comparison with the ECMWF analysis is also provided, which shows the good quality and accuracy of IASI retrieval products
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Combined modality (ABVD+STNI) vs STNI in A Hodgkin's disease with mediastinal involvement.
No full textTrattamento aggiuntivo con sertralina nell’anoressia nervosa in adolescenza: follow-up naturalistico a 8 mesi
No full textARHGEF3 controls HDACi-induced differentiation via RhoA-dependent pathways in acute myeloid leukemias.
No full textAltered expression and activity of histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been correlated with tumorigenesis. Inhibitors of HDACs (HDACi) induce acetylation of histone and non-histone proteins affecting gene expression, cell cycle progression, cell migration, terminal differentiation and cell death. Here, we analyzed the regulation of ARHGEF3, a RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor, by the HDACi MS275 (entinostat). MS275 is a well-known benzamide-based HDACi, which induces differentiation of the monoblastic-like human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 to monocytes/macrophages. Incubation of U937 cells with MS275 resulted in an up regulation of ARHGEF3, followed by a significant enhancement of the marker of macrophage differentiation CD68. ARHGEF3 protein is primarily nuclear, but MS275 treatment rapidly induced its translocation into the cytoplasm. ARHGEF3 cytoplasmic localization is associated with activation of the RhoA/Rho-associated Kinase (ROCK) pathway. In addition to cytoskeletal rearrangements orchestrated by RhoA, we showed that ARHGEF3/RhoA-dependent signals involve activation of SAPK/JNK and then Elk1 transcription factor. Importantly, MS275-induced CD68 expression was blocked by exposure of U937 cells to exoenzyme C3 transferase and Y27632, inhibitors of Rho and ROCK respectively. Moreover, ARHGEF3 silencing prevented RhoA activation leading to a reduction in SAPK/JNK phosphorylation, Elk1 activation and CD68 expression, suggesting a crucial role for ARHGEF3 in myeloid differentiation. Taken together, our results demonstrate that ARHGEF3 modulates acute myeloid leukemia differentiation through activation of RhoA and pathways directly controlled by small GTPase family proteins. The finding that GEF protein modulation by HDAC inhibition impacts on cell differentiation may be important for understanding the antitumor mechanism(s) by which HDACi treatment stimulates differentiation in cancer
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