69 research outputs found
Un'iscrizione greca inedita di Melchiorre Cesarotti al Palazzo del Catajo
No full textIn the Catajo Palace at the foot of the Euganean Hills (Battaglia Terme, near Padua), the marquis Tommaso Obizzi (1750–1803) collected a vast group of antiquities in a private Museum, which was highly celebrated among his contemporaries. This collection also included hundreds of Greek and Latin inscriptions, which were later transferred to Vienna with a sizeable part of the collection. Yet, the Catajo Palace still houses a modern inscription in ancient Greek, written on an altar in the family chapel. Thanks to a letter kept at the Public Library in Padova, the author of the text can be identified with the classicist and linguist Melchiorre Cesarotti
La politica di Melchiorre Cesarotti tra Rivoluzione ed Età napoleonica
No full textThe article, through a cross-reading of published writings and private correspondence, reconstructs how Cesarotti's political thought evolved from French Revolution until 1808, the year of the author's death. As this research has highlighted, the Abbot has enriched his theory over time, shaping it on empirical observations of the continental and Italian political events. However, the philosophical core of his doctrine, built on the concept of "wise freedom", remained unchanged. For our author freedom consisted in the institutional implementation of the natural law. Based on his idea of natural order, Cesarotti articulated a project of liberalization of the economic and social structures of the Old Regime society. In particular, the Abbot believed that a strong executive power could establish a meritocratic civilization, which was supposed to guarantee a moderate involvement of the notable section of the Third State in government positions. Inspired by the works of Rousseau, Cesarotti deemed it necessary to also involve the popular strata in the new institutional settlement, both culturally and
practically. Therefore, he devoted himself to define a reform for the public education system, which should have spread and rooted in the collective consciousness of the masses the fundamental principles of the new political system. Cesarotti welcomed the first news of the Revolution with timid enthusiasm, then condemned its developments. In 1797 he believed he could carry out his political program in the Municipality of Padua. After having ascertained the failure of democratic governments, he entrusted his plans finally to the imperial force, turning first in 1803 to Francis II, then in 1807 to Napoleon. According to the Abbot, the Divine Providence commissioned the French general of establishing "peace" and natural "happiness" on the Continent. This operation should have ended with the overcoming of the concept of "fatherland" and the reunification of European "Peoples" in a single supranational state
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Hints of a Hidden World
No full textDespite extensive theoretical and experimental efforts, we have yet to discover evidence of new physics. Since there is no obvious candidate for a particular new physics model that can resolve the variety of anomalies and shortcomings of the Standard Model, a potentially lucrative strategy is to explore as broadly as possible. In this dissertation we consider a two pronged approach to this strategy: constructing phenomenological models that capture the dynamics of general new physics scenarios, and developing robust tools for identifying new phenomena. We consider primarily the application of this strategy at existing and future colliders. For phenomenological models, we first consider the generic scenario where new particles are produced back-to-back with substantial transverse momenta, ultimately decaying into a dimuon pair. We also use extra dimensional models to construct tractable hidden sector scenarios with tunable radiation patterns. For both of these toy models, we expect signal events to look inherently distinct from Standard Model backgrounds. To classify these signatures, we develop a new event shape observable—event isotropy—that has a complementary dynamic range to commonly used event shapes. We discuss the efficacy of this observable and explore potential correlations. Finally we discuss how this program for new physics searches can expand even further with the construction of a multi-TeV muon machine. We show how using muons increases sensitivity to new physics scenarios that couple to second-generation particles and how we can use an O(TeV) beam in a beam-dump experiment to probe enormously small couplings. Ultimately we present many possible channels towards uncovering the first hints of new physics to motivate more concentrated efforts to identify the particle content of the universe
Dal mondo antico alla virtù dei moderni. Storia e letteratura nel pensiero di Melchiorre Cesarotti. In appendice il “Piano Ragionato di Traduzioni dal Greco”
No full textThe article analyzes the evolution of Cesarotti's aesthetic, historical and anthropological thought, from the years of his classical training to his more mature academic works. Animated by keen curiosity, the abbot of Padua introduced European enlightenment and romantic issues into the Italian culture. This strong inclination for modern questions has interested the historiographical debate. Therefore, many scholars have defined Cesarotti as an enlightenment or a romantic author. As the article shows, Cesarotti, despite some precious modern insights and the insistent calls to the liberty of the human being, continued to determine himself with the categories of moderate Enlightenment. In other words, he conjugated the scientific achievements and the new idea of freedom with the traditionalist and metaphysical forms of classical rationalism. Cesarotti did not want to base indeed his philosophical thought on the individual's autonomy of judgment. According to the author, the decision of the individual must be integrated in a metaphysical philosophy, centered on the self-sufficiency of universal beauty and, more generally, of the moral, aesthetic and scientific laws, which pre-exist the human being and regulate his existence. The abbot then replaces the classicist and traditionalist literary form, which was built on the dogmatic core of the canon, with a rationalist/neoclassical artistic form, which was centered on the more inclusive, but nevertheless assertive and impersonal, dogma of the law. The historicistic and preromantic elements of his theory remain a minor argument, aimed solely at enhancing the cult of truth. A truth deposited in the judgment of the community of nobles, scholars, and worthy individuals. A social group that recognizes itself in a set of pre-established and immutable values. In the appendix of the article has been digitalized the Piano Ragionato di Traduzioni dal Greco, written by the author in 1778
The new physics case for beam-dump experiments with accelerated muon beams
No full textAs the field examines a future muon collider as a possible successor to the LHC, we must consider how to fully utilize not only the high-energy particle collisions, but also any lower-energy staging facilities necessary in the R&D process. An economical and efficient possibility is to use the accelerated muon beam from either the full experiment or from cooling and acceleration tests in beam-dump experiments. Beam-dump experiments are complementary to the main collider as they achieve sensitivity to very small couplings with minimal instrumentation. We demonstrate the utility of muon beam-dump experiments for new physics searches at energies from 10 GeV to 5 TeV. We find that, even at low energies like those accessible at staging or demonstrator facilities, it is possible to probe new regions of parameter space for a variety of generic BSM models, including muonphilic, leptophilic, Lμ − Lτ, and dark photon scenarios. Such experiments could therefore provide opportunities for discovery of new physics well before the completion of the full multi-TeV collider
A field guide to event-shape observables using optimal transport
No full textWe lay out the phenomenological behavior of event-shape observables evaluated by solving optimal transport problems between collider events and reference geometries — which we name manifold distances — to provide guidance regarding their use in future studies. This discussion considers several choices related to the metric used to quantify these distances. We explore the differences between the various options, for the first time using a combination of analytical studies and simulated minimum-bias and multi-jet events. Making judicious choices when defining the metric and reference geometry can improve sensitivity to interesting signal features and reduce sensitivity to non-perturbative effects in QCD. The goal of this article is to provide a ‘field guide’ that can inform how choices made when defining a manifold distance can be tailored for the analysis at-hand
The New Physics Case for Beam-Dump Experiments with Accelerated Muon Beams
No full textAs the field examines a future muon collider as a possible successor to the
LHC, we must consider how to fully utilize not only the high-energy particle
collisions, but also any lower-energy staging facilities necessary in the R&D
process. An economical and efficient possibility is to use the accelerated muon
beam from either the full experiment or from cooling and acceleration tests in
beam-dump experiments.Beam-dump experiments are complementary to the main
collider as they achieve sensitivity to very small couplings with minimal
instrumentation. We demonstrate the utility of muon beam-dump experiments for
new physics searches at energies from 10 GeV to 5 TeV. We find that, even at
low energies like those accessible at staging or demonstrator facilities, it is
possible to probe new regions of parameter space for a variety of generic BSM
models, including muonphilic, leptophilic, , and dark photon
scenarios. Such experiments could therefore provide opportunities for discovery
of new physics well before the completion of the full multi-TeV collider.Comment: 22 pages and 10 figures + 11 pages and 10 figure
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Hitting the Thermal Target for Leptophilic Dark Matter at Future Lepton Colliders
No full textWe study future lepton collider prospects for testing predictive models of leptophilic dark matter (DM) candidates with a thermal origin. We calculate experimental milestones for testing the parameter space compatible with freeze-out and the associated collider signals at past, present, and future facilities. This analysis places new limits on such models by leveraging the utility of lepton colliders. At +− machines, we make projections using precision -pole observables from +−→ℓ+ℓ−+ signatures at large electron-positron collider and future projections for future circular collider (ee) in these channels. Additionally, a muon collider could also probe new thermal relic parameter space in this scenario via +−→+, where is any easily identifiable standard model object. Collectively, these processes can probe much of the parameter space for which DM direct annihilation to ℓ+ℓ− yields the observed relic density in Higgs-like models with mass-proportional couplings to charged leptons
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