1,720,965 research outputs found
Studio multicentrico in aperto sull’efficacia differenziale a medio termine, del trattamento con Aloperidolo, Clozapina, Olanzapina e Risperidone in pazienti schizofrenici
No full textIntroduction: There has been considerable support for the observation that atypical antipsychotics have a broader range of therapeutic effects than traditional antipsychotics. Specifically, they appear to be superior in terms of improvement of negative, cognitive, and affective symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term efficacy of SGAs (Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone) and FGAs (Haloperidol) on the different symptoms of schizophrenia. The analysis had 2 principal objectives: 1. to assess whether a significant change over time occurred in any of the 4 treatment groups; 2. to test whether there is a slope difference between the 4 medication groups in syndrome change trajectories over time. Materials and method: A multicentric open-study has been carried out in Italy, in seven University centres (Catanzaro, Chieti, Florence, L'Aquila, Pescara, Rome and Trieste). The study population comprised 126 patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia disorder diagnosis, 81 males (64.3%) and 45 females (35.7%), mean age 34.2 ± 10.1 years (range 18-64) (Tabs. I-II). Patients were assigned to treatment with Clozapine, Olanzapine, Risperidone, or Haloperidol, according to the judgment of a senior Psychiatric Specialist (Tab. III). The efficacy evaluation was assessed by means of Positive and Negative Syndrome Scales (PANSS), 3-THREE, CGI and Hamilton Rating Scales for Depression (HAM-D). The subjects were evaluated at first visit (T0), after 30 days (T30), 60 days (T60), 90 days (T90) and 120 days (T120). The measures of efficacy were analysed with a repeated measures analysis variance (MANOVA), with the technique of the contrast group of treatment, including the basal score in the model. Results: The efficacy analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the PANSS total (Tab. IV), Positive (Tab. V) and General subscale (Tab. VI) scores in all assessments of the four groups. PANSS Negative subscale score (Tab. VII) differences were statistically significant for Clozapine, Risperidone and Olanzapine, but not for Haloperidol. The intergroup analysis showed that the Negative subscale improvement, at 120 days, was greater in the Clozapine, Risperidone and Olanzapine groups than in the Haloperidol group. The HAM-D total scores efficacy analysis (Tab. VIII) indicated that the symptoms improved in all assessments in the four groups. The improvement in the SGAs groups at 90 and 120 days' evaluations was significantly greater than in the Haluperidol group. The 3-THREE analysis showed a significant improvement in T60, T90 and T120 total scores and Positive subscale in all four groups. The improvement of Negative and Behavioural 3-THREE subscale was statistically significant for SGAs, but not for Haloperidol. The Negative symptoms improvement after 120 days' treatment, assessed by the Negative and Behavioural 3-THREE subscale was greater in the SGAs groups than in the Haloperidol group and the improvement after 30 days' treatment was greater for Clozapine than for all the other three groups (Fig. 1). The seventy CGJ scores at T30 assessment was lower for Olanzapine and Risperidone than for Clozapine and Haloperidol. Conclusion: In conclusion, our data confirm that all 3 SGAs were associated with significant improvements in the positive, negative and affective symptoms of schizophrenia. In contrast, Haloperidol had only a marginally significant effect on the positive domain while the effect on the negative domain worsened
Predictive factors for further suicide attempts in individuals presenting to an emergency service for an attempted suicide. A one-year longitudinal study
No full textSuicide attempts (SA) have been recognized among the most important predictors of suicide
Stress e Night Eating Syndrome: uno studio di confronto tra un campione di pazienti psichiatrici ambulatoriali e soggetti sani
No full textThe Night Eating Syndrome (NES) is a disorder characterized by the clinical features of morning anorexia,
evening hyperphagia, and insomnia with awakenings followed by nocturnal food ingestion. The core clinical feature appears
to be a delay in the circadian timing of food intake. The diagnosis and early treatment of NES may represent an important
means of prevention for obesity. Aims. The aim of the present study was to determine the vulnerability to develop NES between
a clinical sample of patients with psychiatric disorders and a non clinical sample.We investigated a possible relation
between stress and a dysfunctional eating behaviors as NES.Methods. The Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ) has been administered
to 147 psychiatric outpatients and to 531 subjects attending the University of L’Aquila. The NEQ is a questionnaire
used to evaluate the prevalence of NES. The sample has been also evaluated through the Stress-related Vulnerability
Scale (SVS) to measure both perceived stress and social support. Results. The 8.2% of patients scored above the diagnostic
cut-off of the NEQ, compared to the 2.1%in the sample of healthy subjects.The majority of patients who had shown NEQ>25
had a diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD).The total scores on the NEQ were strongly associated with the SVS total
score and especially with the “lack of social support” subscale. Conclusions. This study shows the increased vulnerability
of NES in the sample of psychiatric patients compared to the sample of healthy subjects. The study further confirms the
strong association between perceived stress, social support, altered eating behaviors and obesityLa Night Eating Syndrome (NES) è un disturbo dell’alimentazione caratterizzato da scarso appetito durante
il giorno, iperfagia serale e insonnia centrale con abbuffate notturne. La sindrome appare collegata a un’alterazione dei ritmi
circadiani nell’assunzione di cibo. La diagnosi e il trattamento precoce della NES potrebbero costituire un importante mezzo
di prevenzione per l’obesità. Scopo. Lo scopo di questo studio è stato quello di determinare la vulnerabilità allo sviluppo
della NES tra un campione di pazienti affetti da disturbi psichiatrici e un campione di soggetti sani.Abbiamo indagato il possibile
ruolo dello stress nella patogenesi di comportamenti alimentari disfunzionali come la NES. Metodi. Il Night Eating
Questionnaire (NEQ) è stato somministrato a 147 pazienti psichiatrici ambulatoriali e a 531 soggetti sani afferenti all’Università
di L’Aquila. Il questionario NEQ è utilizzato per valutare la prevalenza della NES. Il campione è stato inoltre valutato
attraverso la Stress-related Vulnerability Scale (SVS) allo scopo di valutare sia lo stress percepito sia il supporto sociale.
Risultati. L’8,2% dei pazienti ha superato il cut-off diagnostico del NEQ rispetto al 2,1% del campione di soggetti sani. La
maggior parte dei pazienti con NEQ>25 presentava una diagnosi di disturbo depressivo maggiore (DDM). Il punteggio totale
ottenuto al NEQ è significativamente associato con i livelli di stress percepito valutato dalla SVS, in particolare nella sottoscala
“ridotto supporto sociale”.Conclusioni. Questo studio mostra una maggiore vulnerabilità alla NES nel campione dei
pazienti psichiatrici rispetto al campione della popolazione sana. Lo studio inoltre conferma la forte associazione tra stress
percepito, comportamenti alimentari disregolati e obesità
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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