1,721,018 research outputs found
fMRI evidence of brain reorganization during attention and memory tasks in multiple sclerosis
No full textIl Riparo del Poggio a Marina di Camerota (Salerno): culture e ambiente
No full textPoggio Shelter is located on the Italian coast of the Tyrrhenian sea, some 80 km South-east of Naples. The Shelter was part of a complex underground karst system, which was partially dismantled by sea erosion during the high-stand of MIS 7, originating a large niche with a thick deposit at the foot of a falaise, and small cave. Archaeological excavations were carried out in the deposit and in the cave during the 1970s, putting into light a 23 m-thick sequence, including 17 m of archaeological levels.
The sequence is mainly made up of cave breakdown deposits mixed with colluvium originated by the reworking of red soils (Alfisols); soils or moderately reworked soils also occur, interfingered within the sequence. These sediments reflect environmental processes related respectively to the damping of the glacial effects by the mediterranean environment, and to warm interstadial phases.
The bottom of the sequence is covered by the present-day sea-level; the basal deposit can probably be attributed to MIS 7 because of the characteristics of the lithics occurring in the overlying levels, which include a level dated to 111.8 ka BP. The overlying sequence can be divided into three main parts, most of which contains archaeological records of culturally different human presences, starting from ancient Middle Palaeolithic cultures to Upper Palaeolithic
- Levels 20-18, made up of breakdown deposits with evidence of colluvium and some aeolian processes. The faunal assemblage can be divided into two stages, and includes mainly red deer, with roe deer, wild boar, ibex, chamois, bovines, and with Elephas and Stephanorhinus occurring only in the lower part. Since layer 18 appears evidence of human presence. Lower part of layer 18 contains an archaic and un-standardized lithic assemblage, characterised by denticulates and thick tools. The upper part contains a more specialised industry, basically focused on production of Quina-type side-scrapers with stepped retouch. This whole part of the sequence may correspond to the cold stage MIS 6, characterised by a patchy forested environment of fresh climate.
- Levels 17-9, reddish soils and soil sediments, interfingered with tephra, and dated to 43800±3500 BP in level 9. Among the faunas, which are statistically relevant only in levels 10-9, the fallow deer is the dominant ungulate, corresponding to an interstadial with temperate and moderately wet mediterranean-like climate. From the bottom to the top, we highlighted at least four main cultural phases. In layer 17 appears the first assemblage with Levallois technology, containing mainly slightly-retouched flat tools. Layer 16 contains a typical Mousterian assemblage which shows further development of Levallois technique. A scarce amount of findings comes from layers 15-13 (tephra), while the top of Middle Palaeolithic series (layers 12-9) contains an abundant, technologically and typologically advanced mousterian industry.
- Levels 8-1, colluvium of Alfisols and breakdown deposits with evidence of strong soil erosion, including very few faunal remains; these levels can be ascribed to a somewhat cold climate with continental traits of environmental instability. Following the erosion, from layer 7 to he top, findings showed out the presence of Epigravettian culture.
For what concerns human behaviour, it is noteworthy that the most frequent ungulates (red and fallow deer) were killed mostly when adult. The identified skeletal parts are represented mostly by isolated teeth and limb bones.
In levels 18a (bottom) and 10, most of the sediment skeleton is made up of strongly comminuted bone fragments, unsorted and with grain-size down to some tens of micrometres.
Lithic raw materials procurement area (close-distance from site) appears more or less the same in all periods, however we highlight a lack of selection strategies in MIS 6 assemblages, while more recent industries shows evidence of growing accuracy in selecting quality for tools production
Il Riparo del Poggio a Marina di Camerota (Salerno): culture ed ambiente.
No full textPoggio Shelter is located on the Italian coast of the Tyrrhenian sea, some 80 km South-east of Naples. The Shelter was part of a complex underground karst
system, which was partially dismantled by sea erosion during the high-stand of MIS 7, originating a large niche with a
thick deposit at the foot of a falaise, and small cave. Archaeological excavations were carried out in the deposit and in the
cave during the 1970s, putting into light a 23 m-thick sequence, including 17 m of archaeological levels.
The sequence is mainly made up of cave breakdown deposits mixed with colluvium originated by the reworking of red
soils (Alfisols); soils or moderately reworked soils also occur, interfingered within the sequence. These sediments reflect
environmental processes related respectively to the damping of the glacial effects by the mediterranean environment, and
to warm interstadial phases.
The bottom of the sequence is covered by the present-day sea-level; the basal deposit can probably be attributed to MIS7 because of the characteristics of the lithics occurring in the overlying levels, which include a level dated to 111.8 ky BP.
The overlying sequence can be divided into three main parts, most of which contains archaeological records of culturally different human presences, starting from ancient Middle Palaeolithic cultures to Upper Palaeolithic.
- Levels 20-18, made up of breakdown deposits with evidence of colluvium and some aeolian processes. The faunal assemblage
can be divided into two stages, and includes mainly red deer, with roe deer, wild boar, ibex, chamois, bovines,
and with Elephas and Stephanorhinus occurring only in the lower part. Since layer 18 appears evidence of human presence.
Lower part of layer 18 contains an archaic and un-standardized lithic assemblage, characterised by denticulates and thick
tools. The upper part contains a more specialised industry, basically focused on production of Quina-type side-scrapers
with stepped retouch. This whole part of the sequence may correspond to the cold stage MIS 6, characterised by a patchy
forested environment of fresh climate.
- Levels 17-9, reddish soils and soil sediments, interfingered with tephra, and dated to 43800±3500 BP in level 9. Among the
faunas, which are statistically relevant only in levels 10-9, the fallow deer is the dominant ungulate, corresponding to an
interstadial with temperate and moderately wet mediterranean-like climate. From the bottom to the top, we highlighted
at least four main cultural phases. In layer 17 appears the first assemblage with Levallois technology, containing mainly
slightly-retouched flat tools. Layer 16 contains a typical Mousterian assemblage which shows further development of Levallois
technique. A scarce amount of findings comes from layers 15-13 (tephra), while the top of Middle Palaeolithic series
(layers 12-9) contains an abundant, technologically and typologically advanced mousterian industry.
- Levels 8-1, colluvium of Alfisols and breakdown deposits with evidence of strong soil erosion, including very few faunal
remains; these levels can be ascribed to a somewhat cold climate with continental traits of environmental instability. Following
the erosion, from layer 7 to the top, findings showed out the presence of Epigravettian culture.
For what concerns human behaviour, it is noteworthy that the most frequent ungulates (red and fallow deer) were killed
mostly when adult. The identified skeletal parts are represented mostly by isolated teeth and limb bones.
In levels 18a (bottom) and 10, most of the sediment skeleton is made up of strongly comminuted bone fragments, unsorted
and with grain-size down to some tens of micrometres.
Lithic raw materials procurement area (close-distance from site) appears more or less the same in all periods, however
we highlight a lack of selection strategies in MIS 6 assemblages, while more recent industries show evidence of growing
accuracy in selecting quality for tools production
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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