1,721,105 research outputs found
Propensity Score in the Tails and Returns to Education in Italy
No full textThe propensity score defining the probability of completing a given degree of education—to balance covariates—and the Mincer equation is here estimated at various degrees of higher education. The novelty is in implementing propensity score and regression estimators together in a double-robust approach in order to ensure against misspecification. The model is analyzed not only at the average but also in the tails of both components to gain a detailed analysis of the tail behavior and robustness. Analyzing survey data from the 2010 and 2020 waves, we find a negative impact of southern regions and gender on education. This impact becomes milder at the mean and is not significant in the right tail. The mixing of propensity score and quantile regression shows the irrelevance of education at low wages and, in a few cases, decreasing premia as school years increase. The private sector rewards lower premiums to young workers, and these distributions are more dispersed, i.e., show higher inequality. In the women’s subset, there is a marked pay gap, even wider for those working in the private sector
Factors affecting farmers’ adoption of integrated pest management in Serbia: An application of the theory of planned behavior
No full textLE MOTIVAZIONI AL CONSUMO DI ALIMENTI BIOLOGICI IN ITALIA: I RISULTATI DI UN INDAGINE
No full textL’obiettivo di questa analisi è di verificare le preferenze dei consumatori per gli alimenti biologici utilizzando, oltre alle variabili socio-economici tradizionali, fattori in grado di misurare sia la percezione dei rischi per la salute e più in generale dei rischi alimentari, sia i rischi ambientali e la percezione individuale dei problemi legati all’ambiente. I dati sono stati ottenuti da un panel di consumatori mediante questionari strutturati compilati on-line. Per cinque categorie di alimenti, ortofrutticoli, latticini, uova, carni, prodotti a base di cereali, sono stati stimati dei modelli logit ordinati con la disponibilità a pagare come variabile dipendente. I risultati mostrano una scarsa significatività delle variabili socio-demografiche, ma un peso rilevante di quelle attitudinali. Tra queste ultime, contrariamente alla maggior parte delle analisi empiriche disponibili, la motivazione ambientale all’acquisto è significativa e più rilevante rispetto alla motivazione salutistica
Intention to purchase sustainable wood products: An empirical analysis of the determinants
Full text linkAlthough Forest Principles promoting responsible forest management were formally adopted in 1992, the sustainability of forests is still undermined by harmful practices. In this regard, voluntary forest certification may represent an effective way to lessen the negative impacts of timber and forestry products upon the environment and upon the living conditions of local populations. This work aims to investigate the role of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge of the forestry certification schemes and attitudinal factors on the purchasing intention of certified wood-derived products in Italy. A convenience sample of 371 consumers were interviewed through an online–administered questionnaire, and data collected were analysed by means of an ordered probit model. The results show that income and age, together with knowledge of the main certification labels and the attitudes towards certifications, have a positive and statistically significant effect on intentions to purchase certified wood productsKeywords
Price trends and income inequalities: will Sub-Saharan-Africa reduce the gap?
Full text linkDuring the past decade, commodities prices have risen substantially and the trend is likely to persist as attested by recent OECD-FAO projections. The recent debate has not reached a clear consensus on the effects of this trend on poverty and income inequality in LDCs, thus complicating the policy planning process. Our paper aims at analyzing the likely welfare and income inequality impacts of food price trends in three Sub-Saharan countries, namely Tanzania, Ghana and Ethiopia. Moreover, we test the statistical significance of changes in income inequalities. Despite Tanzania is not affected, we find that price changes tend to exacerbate the income inequalities in Ethiopia and Ghana, especially for specific groups of households: the policy implications are relevant. Finally, our paper underlines the relevance of statistical inference in analysis on income inequalities, to conclude on welfare and inequalities effects of food price movements
Value‐Belief and Value‐Identity Norms in Ethical Food Consumption: Investigating the Influence of Worker‐Friendly Labels in Italy
No full textThis study aims to explore the main behavioral drivers influencing the consumption of ethical food products in Italy, with a specific focus on customer purchase intentions and choices for foods that adhere to workers' rights. The issue of workers' exploitation in Italian agriculture is a pressing concern, frequently highlighted in media investigations. To address this aim, the study compares three theoretical models to identify the most effective in providing the most comprehensive explanation of the phenomenon under investigation. The theories of value-belief-personal norms (VBN) and value-identity-personal norms (VIP), along with a hybrid of these models, were examined using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling. The findings reveal that factors such as self-identity, awareness of consequences, and ascription of responsibility are significant predictors of the purchasing behavior regarding food products that respect workers' rights. Notably, the integrated VBN and VIP model (VBN-VIP) demonstrates the highest level of predictive accuracy. This research contributes to the literature on ethical consumption by offering robust empirical evidence supporting these theoretical frameworks. Similarly, food companies will benefit from gaining a deeper understanding of consumer behavior in relation to ethical practices, particularly those concerning workers' rights. By emphasizing their commitment to ethical standards, food companies can potentially influence consumer attitudes and intentions more effectively
Enhancing ethical food consumption: the impact of information framing on consumer preferences
No full textCases of unethical working conditions of agricultural workers, particularly in specialized rural regions of Europe such as Italy, have received increasing attention, calling for solutions to guarantee fair labor practices. This study investigates how Italian consumers respond to information about these issues by focusing on the framing of ethical attributes through a “Fair Labor” hypothetical certification designed to guarantee decent work and fair wages. Using a discrete choice experiment with three distinct information treatments, the paper explores the differential impact of negative versus positive framing of information on consumer decision-making. The results reveal that emotionally charged, negative information highlighting the consequences of unethical labor practices is particularly effective in amplifying consumer interest in ethical certifications. Conversely, positive framing, while still impactful, proves less influential in shaping preferences. Furthermore, trust in the certification is a critical factor in fostering favorable attitudes. These findings highlight the strategic importance of framing in promoting ethical certifications, offering valuable insights for policymakers and businesses aiming to enhance transparency and responsibility in agricultural supply chains while meeting the growing consumer demand for fair labor practices
Le preferenze dei consumatori della provincia di Trieste per l’olio extra vergine di oliva d’alta gamma (Consumers preferences for extra-virgin olive oil in Trieste province)
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