1,721,094 research outputs found
Effects of additional physical education lessons program on body image and self-efficacy in overweight children,
No full textPhysical self-efficacy, body discrepancy and motor abilities in young girls: effects of bmi and different sport practice
No full textEffects of a two-year additional physical education program on physical performance and self-perception in overweight girls,
No full textPhysical self-perception and motor abilities in male adolescents: effects of bmi and physical activity practice
No full textISBN/ISSN:978972735156
Monitoring of the preseason soccer period in non-professional players
No full textThis study aimed to monitor the training load and to evaluate the fluctuations of straight and change of direction sprinting during a 5-week of the preseason period in 17 non-professional soccer players. Straight 10-m sprint and 15-m zigzag sprint tests were applied six times: at the beginning and on each Friday. Monitoring of the internal training load has been achieved by the Edwards’ TL and the session-RPE, while the external training load was measured by the GPS system. A general prevalence of low-intensity activities within training units and friendly matches were observed, with an increase in high-intensity activities during the last two weeks of the preseason. The performance of both sprint tests decreased during the first three weeks, becoming better at the end of the period, relative to a higher training load scheduled at the beginning of the preseason. Fluctuations in training load emerged along the five weeks with a continuous decrement from the first to the third week, while during the fourth and fifth week a moderate increase was achieved. Moreover, a very large correlation (r=0.71; p<.001) was evident between the Edwards’ TL and the session-RPE, highlighting the usefulness of an easy and valid method to monitor the internal training load. In conclusion, combining the monitoring of training load and the administration of field tests lead to a better distribution of workload, done by the coaching staff, thus avoiding excessive athletes’ overstressing
Physical self-perception and motor performance in normal-weight, overweight and obese children
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships
among physical self-perception, body image and motor
performance in Italian middle school students. Two hundred
and sixty children were categorized into normal-weight
(n5103), overweight (n586) or obese (n571) groups.
Perceived coordination, body fat and sports competence
were assessed using the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire,
while body image was measured using Collins’
Child Figure Drawings. Individuals’ perceptions of strength,
speed and agility were assessed using the Perceived Physical
Ability Scale. Tests involving the standing long jump, 2 kg
medicine-ball throw, 10 x 5m shuttle-run and 20 and 30msprints were also administered. Girls, when compared with boys, and overweight and obese participants, when compared
with normal-weight peers, reported lower perceived
and actual physical competence, higher perceived body fat
and greater body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction
mediated all the associations between body mass index
(BMI) and the different aspects of physical self-perception
in boys, but not in girls. The same pattern of results was
found for physical self-perception as a mediator of the
relationship between BMI and body dissatisfaction. In
conclusion, obesity proved to have adverse effects on both
motor performance and physical self-perception
Women’s water polo World Championships: technical and tactical aspects of winning and losing teams in close and unbalanced games
No full textThis study aimed to compare the technical and tactical aspects between winning and losing teams in close (i.e., 1-3 goals of difference) and unbalanced (i.e., >3 goals of difference) elite women's water polo games. A notational analysis was performed on 45 games to evaluate occurrence of action, mean duration, action outcome, origin and execution of shot, offensive and defensive role, and arrangement of even, counterattack, power play, and transition situations. Independent 2-sided t-tests were applied to show differences (p than 2 fakes; power play: drive shots) of shots, offensive even arrangements (6 vs. 6/5 vs. 5; 2 vs. 2/1 vs. 1), and role. Regarding unbalanced games, differences emerged for the occurrence of action (even, counterattack), duration (even; power play), action outcome (even: goals, penalties; counterattack: goals, no goal shots, penalties; power play: goals, no goal shots; transition: lost possessions), origin (even: zone 2, zone 4; counterattack: zone 5) and execution (even: free throws, drive shots; counterattack: drive shots, shots after > 2 fakes; power play: drive shots, shots after 1 fake) of shots; offensive even arrangements (2 vs. 2/1 vs. 1), and role; and defensive even arrangements (pressing, zones 1-2, zone M, zones 2-3-4). Differences between close and unbalanced games underlining that water polo performance should be analyzed in relation to specific margins of victory. Therefore, water polo coaches and physical trainers can plan a sound training session according to the most important aspects of close (opponent's exclusion, center forward play, and power play actions) and unbalanced (defensive skills) games
Effects of Aging on Visual Attentional Focusing
No full textBackground: Visual attentional performance is affected by aging, but there are methodological barriers to the understanding of this phenomenon that are due, above all, to the concomitant deterioration of sensory or central factors such as visual acuity and information processing speed. Objective: The aim of the present study was to verify the effects of aging on visual attentional focusing by analyzing the space- and object-based components as well as the exogenous and endogenous dimensions of the attentional allocation. Methods: Focusing of visual attention was investigated in 14 youngsters, 14 younger adults and 14 older adults (age ranges 12-15, 24-38 and 60-75 years, respectively). In two discrimination reaction time (RT) experiments, attention was cued by means of spatial cues of different size followed by compound stimuli at a shorter (150 ms) and a longer (500 ms) stimulus-onset asynchrony (SOA). The compound stimuli contained a predefined target letter at a local or global level. Results: Older adults showed generally slower RTs and higher rates of delayed responses than younger individuals and reduced discrimination speed of local objects at 150-ms SOA, particularly when attention was invalidly cued to focus at a larger spatial scale. Conclusions: This pattern of results suggests that aging causes a dysfunction of the space-based and the object-based components of the attentional 'zooming in'. Such information may be of practical relevance for developing attentional training programs for older adults
Physical self-perception and motor performance in normal-weight, overweight and obese children
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships
among physical self-perception, body image and motor
performance in Italian middle school students. Two hundred
and sixty children were categorized into normal-weight
(n5103), overweight (n586) or obese (n571) groups.
Perceived coordination, body fat and sports competence
were assessed using the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire,
while body image was measured using Collins’
Child Figure Drawings. Individuals’ perceptions of strength,
speed and agility were assessed using the Perceived Physical
Ability Scale. Tests involving the standing long jump, 2 kg
medicine-ball throw, 10 x 5m shuttle-run and 20 and 30msprints were also administered. Girls, when compared with boys, and overweight and obese participants, when compared
with normal-weight peers, reported lower perceived
and actual physical competence, higher perceived body fat
and greater body dissatisfaction. Body dissatisfaction
mediated all the associations between body mass index
(BMI) and the different aspects of physical self-perception
in boys, but not in girls. The same pattern of results was
found for physical self-perception as a mediator of the
relationship between BMI and body dissatisfaction. In
conclusion, obesity proved to have adverse effects on both
motor performance and physical self-perception
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