1,721,005 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Probalistic analysis of highway bridge traffic loading
Get PDFMany bridges of the world’s highway networks have been in service for decades and are subject to escalating volumes of traffic. Consequently, there is a growing need for the rehabilitation or replacement of bridges due to deterioration and increased loading. The assessment of the strength of the existing bridge is relatively well understood, whereas the traffic loading it is subject to, is not as well understood. Accurate assessment of the loading to which bridges may be subject, can result in significant savings for the highway maintenance budgets internationally. In recent years, a general approach has emerged in the research literature: the characteristics of the traffic at a site are measured and used to investigate the load effects to which the bridge may be subject in its remaining lifetime. This research has the broad objective of developing better methods of statistical analysis of highway bridge traffic loading. The work focuses on short- to medium-length (approximately 15 to 50 m), single- or two-span bridges with two opposing lanes of traffic. Dynamic interaction of the trucks on the bridge is generally not included. Intuitively, it can be accepted that the gap between successive trucks has important implications for the amount of load that may be applied to any given bridge length. This work describes, in quantitative terms, the implications for various bridge lengths and load effects. A new method of modelling headway for this critical time-frame is presented. When daily maximum load effects (for example) are considered as the basis for an extreme value statistical analysis of the simulation results, it is shown that although this data is independent, it is not identically distributed. Physically this is manifest as the difference in load effect between 2- and 3-truck crossing events. A method termed composite distribution statistics is presented which accounts for the different distributions of load effect caused by different event types. Exact equations are derived, as well as asymptotic expressions which facilitate the application of the method. Due to sampling variability, the estimate of lifetime load effect varies for each sample of load effect taken. In this work, the method of predictive likelihood is used to calculate the variability of the predicted extreme for a given sample. In this manner, sources of uncertainty can be taken into account and the resulting lifetime load effect is shown to be calculated with reasonable assurance. To calculate the total lifetime load effect static load effect plus that due to dynamic interaction), the results of dynamic simulations based on 10-years of static results are used in a multivariate extreme value analysis. This form of analysis allows for the inherent correlation between the total and static load effect that results from loading events. A distribution of dynamic amplification factor and estimates for a site dynamic allowance factor are made using parametric bootstrapping techniques. It is shown that the influence of dynamic interaction decreases with increasing static load effect
Towards an Improved Teaching of Structural Behaviour
Get PDFThe interpretation of mathematical models and how they relate to the physical world is a key skill of the practice of structural engineering. At undergraduate level, there has been a noted reduction in students’ physical intuition in recent years. The teaching of structural engineering must therefore adapt itself to these new realities to maintain public confidence in the safety of society’s infrastructure.
The work carried out for this Fellowship project tacked the identified deficits at two ends of the spectrum of physical intuition. Third year students were introduced to basic structural models, whilst final year students were exposed to the inner workings of structural engineering software so that they may better link their hand calculations and typical commercial software. Pre-and post-testing using multiple choice questions were used to ascertain the effectiveness of the interventions. The results are generally inconclusive as evidence was found that the multiple choice questions may not be the best form of assessing interventions in physical reasoning. It is clear that more work remains to be done in this area
Random vibration of arbitrarily supported single-span beams subject to random moving loads
No full textThis paper presents a framework to assess the random vibration response of single-span beams. The beams are arbitrarily supported and subject to a single random moving load of constant velocity. A General Modal Precise Integration Method (GMPIM) is proposed to carry out numerical integration of the problem. This method is extremely efficient and accurate. It is coupled with the Pseduo-Excitation Method (PEM) to arrive at the statistical description of the random vibration response. The approach uses the power spectral density (PSD) of the moving load to arrive at the PSD and root mean square of the response. The approach is far more computationally efficient than the alternative Monte Carlo simulation using Newmark-β integration (for example). As such, this work should find value for those estimating the random vibration of beams subject to random moving loads.Non UBCUnreviewedThis collection contains the proceedings of ICASP12, the 12th International Conference on Applications of Statistics and Probability in Civil Engineering held in Vancouver, Canada on July 12-15, 2015. Abstracts were peer-reviewed and authors of accepted abstracts were invited to submit full papers. Also full papers were peer reviewed. The editor for this collection is Professor Terje Haukaas, Department of Civil Engineering, UBC Vancouver.Facult
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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